Lindenwald R, Pendl H, Scholtes H, Schuberth H-J, Rautenschlein S
Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Pendl Lab, Untere Roostmatt 7, CH-6300 Zug, Switzerland.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2019 Apr;210:46-54. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2019.03.006. Epub 2019 Mar 15.
The blood cell counting methods used for diagnostic and research purposes in turkeys are, up to date, inferior to the techniques established for mammals and chickens. While microscopic counts are time consuming, previous flow cytometric approaches did not cover all blood cell types of interest due to the lack of turkey-specific markers for the different cell populations. Moreover, it is unknown to what extent the different leukocyte populations are affected by host and environmental factors including age, breed of the bird, and housing environment, respectively. In this study we established a whole blood based flow cytometric analysis method for turkeys. This method was used to determine baseline values depending on the age of the birds as well as under consideration of variations between trials and animal room effects. During three trials whole blood samples of B.U.T. 6 female turkeys were collected to analyze different leukocyte concentrations (cells/μl whole blood). In the first trial one group and in the second and third trial two groups with 22 birds/group were housed. Blood samples were collected at days one, 23, 43, 60, and 88 post hatch and concentrations of monocytes, MHC class II-positive, CD4, and CD8 lymphocytes, as well as thrombocytes and granulocytes were determined by flow cytometric analysis. Concentrations of all identified populations were not only influenced by the bird's age (p < 0.05), they varied also among trials (p < 0.05) and even for some of the populations between animal rooms within the same trial despite comparable housing and management conditions. Therefore, for the establishment of baseline values for leucocyte concentrations in whole blood effects of age and housing have to be considered. In addition, our data emphasize the importance of the establishment of baseline values for different age groups, as age had the strongest effect on the blood cell numbers in this study.
目前，用于火鸡诊断和研究目的的血细胞计数方法不如用于哺乳动物和鸡的成熟技术。虽然显微镜计数耗时，但由于缺乏针对不同细胞群体的火鸡特异性标记物，以前的流式细胞术方法并未涵盖所有感兴趣的血细胞类型。此外，不同白细胞群体受宿主和环境因素（包括年龄、鸟类品种和饲养环境）影响的程度尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们建立了一种基于全血的火鸡流式细胞术分析方法。该方法用于根据鸟类年龄以及考虑试验间差异和动物房效应来确定基线值。在三项试验中，采集了B.U.T. 6雌性火鸡的全血样本，以分析不同白细胞浓度（细胞/μl全血）。在第一项试验中饲养了一组，在第二项和第三项试验中饲养了两组，每组22只鸟。在孵化后第1天、23天、43天、60天和88天采集血样，并通过流式细胞术分析确定单核细胞、MHC II类阳性、CD4和CD8淋巴细胞以及血小板和粒细胞的浓度。所有已鉴定群体的浓度不仅受鸟类年龄影响（p < 0.05），试验间也存在差异（p < 0.05），甚至在同一试验中，尽管饲养和管理条件相似，但同一试验中不同动物房内的某些群体之间也存在差异。因此，在建立全血白细胞浓度基线值时，必须考虑年龄和饲养的影响。此外，我们的数据强调了为不同年龄组建立基线值的重要性，因为在本研究中年龄对血细胞数量的影响最大。
