Schallmo Marianne K, Godfrey Timian M, Dunbar Darryn, Brown Kristen M, Coyle Amanda, D'Aoust Rita F
School of Nursing, Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, Indiana.
School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2019 Dec;31(12):705-711. doi: 10.1097/JXX.0000000000000206.
Nurse practitioners (NPs) perform diagnostic and clinical procedure skills in the acute, specialty, urgent, and primary care settings. Nurse practitioners surveyed on readiness for practice report a lack of confidence and education preparation for performing selected advanced diagnostic and skills. As NPs gain independent, full practice scope, it is imperative advanced diagnostic and procedure skills used in practice are taught in nurse practitioner curriculum. The purpose of this review is to document a systematic review of the literature, answering the following question: Among primary care NPs, does current program curriculum align with current procedures and skills in theclinical setting?
PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, CINAHL, and Embase were searched between inception and 2018 using the search terms "advanced practice nursing, clinical competence, diagnostic techniques or procedures, and primary health care." Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines, nine articles were included in the synthesis.
There is scant research regarding NP educational preparation of skills and procedures. Study findings indicate that programs are not teaching all the procedures deemed important. Education should promote improved congruence between the skills and procedures taught in program curricula and those used in clinical practice.
It is critical to complete an education practice survey measuring skill and procedure preparation and competency at graduation. Survey results will determine whether skill and procedure guidelines are indicated for NP education. A recommendation may include minimal skills and procedure for all nurse practitioner curricula.
执业护士（NP）在急症、专科、紧急及初级护理环境中执行诊断和临床操作技能。接受执业准备情况调查的执业护士报告称，在进行某些高级诊断和技能操作时缺乏信心且教育准备不足。随着执业护士获得独立、全面的执业范围，在执业护士课程中教授实际应用的高级诊断和操作技能势在必行。本综述的目的是对文献进行系统综述，回答以下问题：在初级护理执业护士中，当前的课程设置是否与临床环境中的当前操作和技能相一致？
在2018年之前，使用检索词“高级实践护理、临床能力、诊断技术或操作以及初级卫生保健”对PubMed、Cochrane、Scopus、CINAHL和Embase进行检索。按照系统综述和Meta分析的首选报告项目指南，9篇文章被纳入综述。
关于执业护士技能和操作的教育准备的研究很少。研究结果表明，课程并未教授所有被认为重要的操作。教育应促进课程中教授的技能和操作与临床实践中使用的技能和操作之间更好地契合。
完成一项教育实践调查至关重要，该调查要衡量毕业时的技能和操作准备情况以及能力。调查结果将决定是否需要为执业护士教育制定技能和操作指南。一项建议可能包括所有执业护士课程的最低技能和操作要求。
