Centre for Oral Clinical & Translation Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK.
GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Weybridge, Surrey, UK.
J Dent. 2019 May;84:67-75. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.03.006. Epub 2019 Apr 2.
To test the in vitro subsurface remineralisation efficacy of chitosan-bioglass complex on artificial white spot lesions.
64 artificial enamel white spot lesions were created by acidic gel and equally separated for static and 7d pH-cycling models. In each model, samples were assigned to 4 groups: (1) bioglass application on chitosan pre-treated lesions (CB); (2) chitosan-bioglass slurry (CBS); (3) "standard" remineralisation solution (RS - positive control); (4) deionised water (NC - negative control). Before each treatment using remineralising agents, 3-minute pellicle was formed on lesions' surfaces. Mineral content changes, surface and subsurface microhardness and ultrastructure were evaluated by Raman intensity mapping, Knoop microhardness and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Data were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey's test (p < 0.05 is considered as significant).
Chitosan-bioglass complexing was found to exhibit greater mineral regain and recovery of surface and subsurface microhardness compared to "standard" remineralisation solution and control groups, after static and dynamic pH-cycling remineralisation for 7 days (p < 0.05). Specifically, dense precipitations with Ca/P ratios similar to that in pure hydroxyapatite (HA) were observed on surfaces and subsurfaces which filled the porosities in the dynamic pH-cycling group, leaving no prismatic enamel structure exposed.
Chitosan-bioglass complex is positive in promoting subsurface mineral deposition in spite of the presence of a short-term salivary pellicle. Clinical significance chitosan-bioglass complexing may provide an alternative clinical strategy in remineralising early enamel carious lesions as well as desensitizing exposed porous vital dental tissues clinically.
测试壳聚糖-生物玻璃复合物对人工白垩斑的体外表面下再矿化效果。
通过酸性凝胶制作 64 个人工釉质白垩斑，并将其平均分为静态和 7d pH 循环模型。在每个模型中，样本分为 4 组：（1）壳聚糖预处理病变上的生物玻璃应用（CB）；（2）壳聚糖-生物玻璃浆料（CBS）；（3）“标准”再矿化溶液（RS-阳性对照）；（4）去离子水（NC-阴性对照）。在使用再矿化剂进行每次处理之前，在病变表面形成 3 分钟的薄膜。通过拉曼强度映射、克努普显微硬度和扫描电子显微镜分别评估矿物含量变化、表面和表面下显微硬度和超微结构。使用单向方差分析和 Tukey 检验进行数据统计分析（p < 0.05 被认为具有统计学意义）。
在静态和动态 pH 循环再矿化 7 天后，与“标准”再矿化溶液和对照组相比，壳聚糖-生物玻璃复合物表现出更大的矿物质再获得和表面及表面下显微硬度的恢复（p < 0.05）。具体而言，在动态 pH 循环组中，表面和表面下观察到与纯羟基磷灰石（HA）相似的 Ca/P 比值的致密沉淀物，填补了孔隙，没有暴露棱柱形釉质结构。
尽管存在短期唾液薄膜，但壳聚糖-生物玻璃复合物仍能促进表面下矿物质的沉积。临床意义壳聚糖-生物玻璃复合物可能为再矿化早期釉质龋病以及临床脱敏暴露多孔有活力的牙本质组织提供一种替代的临床策略。
