School of Life and Environmental Science Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales.
ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR), University of New South Wales.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2020 Jan 20;75(2):348-356. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glz054.
The objective of the study is to evaluate the prospective associations between antioxidant intake and incident frailty among older Australian men aged ≥75 years.
Seven hundred and ninety-four men participated in a detailed diet history interview at the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project (CHAMP) study third wave (considered baseline nutrition here) and 781 men participated at the fourth wave (considered 3-year follow-up here). The main outcome measurement was incident frailty at 3-year follow-up, using the Cardiovascular Health Study definition. Dietary adequacy of antioxidant intake was assessed by comparing participants' median intakes of four dietary antioxidants (vitamin A, E, C, and zinc) to the nutrient reference values (NRVs). Attainment of the NRVs was incorporated into a dichotomized variable "poor" (meeting ≤2 antioxidants) or "good" (meeting ≥3 antioxidants) as the independent variable using the cut-point method. Also, intakes of each individual dietary antioxidant at baseline nutrition were categorized into quartiles. Analyses were performed using multinomial logistic regression.
Incidence of pre-frailty was 53.0% and frailty was 6.4% at 3-year follow-up. Poor dietary antioxidant intake (meeting ≤2) at baseline nutrition was associated with incident frailty at 3-year follow-up in unadjusted (OR: 2.59 [95% CI: 1.47, 4.59, p = .001]) and adjusted (OR: 2.46 [95% CI: 1.10, 5.51, p = .03]) analyses. The lowest quartile of vitamin E intake (<7.08 mg/d) was significantly associated with incident frailty (OR: 2.46 [95% CI: 1.01, 6.00, p = .05]).
Poor antioxidant intake, particularly vitamin E, is a plausible factor associated with incident frailty among older men. This supports the need for clinical trials of diets rich in antioxidants or possibly low-dose antioxidant supplements, for prevention of frailty.
本研究旨在评估抗氧化剂摄入量与≥75 岁澳大利亚老年男性虚弱发生的前瞻性关联。
794 名男性参加了 Concord 健康与老龄化男性项目（CHAMP）研究第三波（此处视为基线营养）的详细饮食史访谈，781 名男性参加了第四波（此处视为 3 年随访）。主要结局测量是 3 年随访时发生的虚弱，使用心血管健康研究的定义。抗氧化剂摄入量的充足程度通过将参与者的四种饮食抗氧化剂（维生素 A、E、C 和锌）的中位数摄入量与营养素参考值（NRV）进行比较来评估。采用切点法，将 NRV 的达标情况纳入二分类变量“差”（符合≤2 种抗氧化剂）或“好”（符合≥3 种抗氧化剂）作为自变量。此外，在基线营养时，每种单独的饮食抗氧化剂摄入量分为四分位数。采用多项逻辑回归进行分析。
3 年随访时，预虚弱的发生率为 53.0%，虚弱的发生率为 6.4%。在未调整（OR：2.59 [95% CI：1.47，4.59，p=0.001]）和调整（OR：2.46 [95% CI：1.10，5.51，p=0.03]）分析中，基线营养时较差的饮食抗氧化剂摄入量（符合≤2 种）与 3 年随访时的虚弱发生相关。维生素 E 摄入量最低四分位数（<7.08mg/d）与虚弱发生显著相关（OR：2.46 [95% CI：1.01，6.00，p=0.05]）。
较差的抗氧化剂摄入，特别是维生素 E，是与老年男性虚弱发生相关的一个合理因素。这支持了对富含抗氧化剂的饮食或低剂量抗氧化剂补充剂进行临床试验的需要，以预防虚弱。
