School of Life and Environmental Science, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR), University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia.
Public Health Nutr. 2021 Oct;24(14):4454-4465. doi: 10.1017/S1368980020003249. Epub 2020 Sep 8.
To examine changes in micronutrient intake over 3 years and identify any associations between socio-economic, health, lifestyle and meal-related factors and these changes in micronutrient intakes among older men.
Prospective study.
Dietary adequacy of individual micronutrient was compared to the estimated average requirement of the nutrient reference values (NRV). Attainment of the NRV for twelve micronutrients was incorporated into a dichotomised variable 'not meeting' (meeting ≤ 6) or 'meeting' (meeting ≥ 7) and categorised into four categories to assess change in micronutrient intake over 3 years. The multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to model predictors of changes in micronutrient intake.
Seven hundred and ninety-four men participated in a detailed diet history interview at the third wave (baseline nutrition) and 718 men participated at the fourth wave (3-year follow-up).
The mean age was 81 years (range 75-99 years). Median intakes of the majority of micronutrients decreased significantly over a 3-year follow-up. Inadequacy of the NRV for thiamine, dietary folate, Zn, Mg, Ca and I were significantly increased at a 3-year follow-up than baseline nutrition. The incidence of inadequate micronutrient intake was 21 % and remained inadequate micronutrient intake was 16·4 % at 3-year follow-up. Changes in micronutrient intakes were significantly associated with participants born in the UK and Italy, low levels of physical activity, having ≥2 medical conditions and used meal services.
Micronutrient intake decreases with age in older men. Our results suggest that strategies to improve some of the suboptimal micronutrient intakes might need to be developed and implemented for older men.
研究 3 年内微量营养素摄入量的变化，并确定社会经济、健康、生活方式和与膳食相关因素与老年人微量营养素摄入量变化之间的关系。
前瞻性研究。
个体微量营养素的膳食充足性与营养素参考值（NRV）的估计平均需求量进行了比较。将 12 种微量营养素对 NRV 的达标情况纳入二分变量“不达标”（达标≤6）或“达标”（达标≥7），并分为四个类别，以评估 3 年内微量营养素摄入量的变化。采用多项逻辑回归分析来建立微量营养素摄入量变化的预测因素模型。
794 名男性在第三次波（基线营养）进行了详细的饮食史访谈，718 名男性在第四次波（3 年随访）进行了访谈。
平均年龄为 81 岁（范围 75-99 岁）。大多数微量营养素的中位数摄入量在 3 年随访期间显著下降。3 年随访时，NRV 对硫胺素、膳食叶酸、Zn、Mg、Ca 和 I 的不足明显增加，而基线营养时则减少。微量营养素摄入不足的发生率为 21%，3 年随访时仍有 16.4%的微量营养素摄入不足。微量营养素摄入量的变化与出生在英国和意大利、低水平的身体活动、有≥2 种疾病以及使用膳食服务的参与者显著相关。
老年人的微量营养素摄入量随年龄增长而减少。我们的研究结果表明，可能需要为老年人制定和实施改善一些次优微量营养素摄入的策略。
