改善工作记忆是城市医疗服务不足地区中年人群延迟折扣减少的一种机制。
Improvement of Working Memory is a Mechanism for Reductions in Delay Discounting Among Mid-Age Individuals in an Urban Medically Underserved Area.
机构信息
Division of Public Health, Michigan State University, Flint, MI, USA.
Cofrin Logan Center for Addiction Research and Treatment, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
出版信息
Ann Behav Med. 2019 Oct 7;53(11):988-998. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaz010.
BACKGROUND
Delay discounting, or the tendency to devalue rewards as a function of their delayed receipt, is associated with myriad negative health behaviors. Individuals from medically underserved areas are disproportionately at risk for chronic health problems. The higher rates of delay discounting and consequent adverse outcomes evidenced among low-resource and unstable environments suggest this may be an important pathway to explain health disparities among this population.
PURPOSE
The current study examined the effectiveness of a computerized working memory training program to decrease rates of delay discounting among residents of a traditionally underserved region.
METHODS
Participants (N = 123) were recruited from a community center serving low income and homeless individuals. Subjects completed measures of delay discounting and working memory and then took part in either an active or control working memory training.
RESULTS
Analyses indicated that participants in the active condition demonstrated significant improvement in working memory and that this improvement mediated the relation between treatment condition and reductions in delay discounting.
CONCLUSIONS
Results suggest that a computerized intervention targeting working memory may be effective in decreasing rates of delay discounting in adults from medically underserved areas (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT03501706).
背景
延迟折扣，即随着奖励获得时间的延迟而降低奖励价值的趋势，与众多负面的健康行为有关。在医疗资源匮乏地区的个体面临着慢性健康问题的风险更高。在资源匮乏和不稳定的环境中，更高的延迟折扣率和由此产生的不良后果表明，这可能是解释该人群健康差异的一个重要途径。
目的
本研究旨在检验一种计算机化工作记忆训练程序在降低传统服务不足地区居民延迟折扣率方面的有效性。
方法
参与者（N=123）是从一个为低收入和无家可归者服务的社区中心招募的。被试完成了延迟折扣和工作记忆的测量，然后参加了积极或对照组的工作记忆训练。
结果
分析表明，积极组的参与者在工作记忆方面有显著的提高，并且这种提高中介了治疗条件与延迟折扣率降低之间的关系。
结论
结果表明，针对工作记忆的计算机干预可能对减少医疗资源匮乏地区成年人的延迟折扣率有效（ClinicalTrials.gov 编号：NCT03501706）。
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