Monash Imaging, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia.
Abdom Radiol (NY). 2019 Jul;44(7):2436-2447. doi: 10.1007/s00261-019-01941-4.
To describe the MRI findings of the effects of exogenous sex steroids on the liver.
Estrogens, progesterone and synthetic testosterone are exogenous sex steroids that may result in a variety of liver diseases, including tumour formation and vascular disorders. These hormones are mainly administered in the form of the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) and anabolic steroids. Both are implicated in hepatic adenoma formation. The HNF-1α-mutated and inflammatory adenoma subgroups are more commonly seen in association with the OCP whereas there is an increased incidence of the β-catenin positive subtype with anabolic steroid use. Furthermore, anabolic steroids are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma resulting from malignant transformation of β-catenin positive adenomas. The oral contraceptive pill may also induce vascular disorders within the liver, some of which are related to the prothrombotic effect of the hormones, such as hepatic and portal vein thrombosis. Other hepatic vascular abnormalities resulting from exogenous sex steroids include veno-occlusive disease and peliosis hepatis.
描述外源性性激素对肝脏影响的 MRI 表现。
雌激素、孕激素和合成睾酮是外源性性激素，可能导致多种肝脏疾病，包括肿瘤形成和血管异常。这些激素主要以口服避孕药（OCP）和合成代谢类固醇的形式给药。两者都与肝腺瘤的形成有关。HNF-1α 突变和炎症性腺瘤亚组更常见于 OCP 相关，而β-连环蛋白阳性亚型的发生率随着合成代谢类固醇的使用而增加。此外，合成代谢类固醇与β-连环蛋白阳性腺瘤恶性转化导致的肝细胞癌有关。口服避孕药也可能在肝脏内引起血管异常，其中一些与激素的促血栓形成作用有关，如肝静脉和门静脉血栓形成。其他由外源性性激素引起的肝脏血管异常包括静脉闭塞性疾病和肝血窦扩张症。
