Harper Gary W, Jadwin-Cakmak Laura, Cherenak Emily, Wilson Patrick
University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, 1415 Washington Heights, School of Public Health I, Room 2272, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,
University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, Center for Sexuality & Health Disparities, 400 North Ingalls St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109,
Am J Sex Educ. 2019;14(1):109-133. doi: 10.1080/15546128.2018.1479668. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
Black gay/bisexual male youth are one of the groups most affected by HIV in the U.S., but few behavioral interventions have been created specifically to address this health inequity. Oppression related to these youths' multiple social identities - including racism, heterosexism, and HIV stigma - contribute to increased health risks. Primary and secondary HIV prevention interventions created specifically for Black gay/bisexual male youth that address the negative impact of oppression are urgently needed. We present empowerment as a framework for understanding how oppression affects health, and critical consciousness as a tool to be utilized in behavioral interventions. This approach helps to move Black gay/bisexual male youth from a place of oppression and powerlessness that leads to elevated health risks to a position of empowerment that promotes feelings of control and participation in healthy behaviors. Finally, we present a case example of our own critical consciousness-based secondary HIV prevention intervention created specifically for Black gay/bisexual male youth.
黑人男同性恋/双性恋青年是美国受艾滋病毒影响最严重的群体之一，但专门针对解决这种健康不平等问题而设计的行为干预措施却很少。与这些青年的多种社会身份相关的压迫——包括种族主义、异性恋主义和艾滋病毒污名化——导致健康风险增加。迫切需要专门为黑人男同性恋/双性恋青年设计的一级和二级艾滋病毒预防干预措施，以解决压迫的负面影响。我们提出赋权作为理解压迫如何影响健康的框架，以及批判性意识作为行为干预中可利用的工具。这种方法有助于将黑人男同性恋/双性恋青年从导致健康风险升高的压迫和无力状态，转变为促进控制感和参与健康行为的赋权状态。最后，我们展示了一个专门为黑人男同性恋/双性恋青年设计的基于批判性意识的二级艾滋病毒预防干预措施的案例。
