Friedman School of Nutrition Sciences and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.
Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Matern Child Nutr. 2019 Oct;15(4):e12829. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12829. Epub 2019 May 10.
This study adapted a cognitive assessment tool to be used in evaluating nutrition interventions in developing countries and assessed its reliability and validity in Ghana. The tool was used to evaluate the long-term effect of the Enhancing Child Nutrition through Animal Source Food Management (ENAM) project. The former ENAM participants' children were contacted (now 13 to 15 years old). The items in the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence-II were adapted, pretested, refined, and pretested again. Cross-sectional data collection was conducted with former ENAM participants (60 interventions and 51 comparison families) in one of ENAM's three sites (the Guinea Savanna zone). Data on participants' socio-economic status and food insecurity were collected, along with their children's intellectual functioning, dietary intake, school attainment, anthropometry, and symptoms of depression. Alpha coefficient of the verbal subscale improved between the first and second pretest (from .34 to .80). After controlling for age, the intelligence scores of the children were associated with their grade (r = .35, p = .001) and academic performance (r = .26 to .33, p < .05). The verbal scale was associated with their anthropometry (r = .24 to .27, p < .05). The intervention children still recorded a better dietary diversity score than controls (6.8 vs 5.8, p = .0001); however, significance was lost after adjusting for confounders. There were no significant group differences in growth or intellectual functioning. The adapted Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence-II tool performed well in evaluating adolescent intellectual functioning in rural Ghana, and there were no long-term effects of ENAM intervention on child growth and development.
本研究改编了一种认知评估工具，用于评估发展中国家的营养干预措施，并在加纳评估其可靠性和有效性。该工具用于评估通过动物源食品管理增强儿童营养（ENAM）项目的长期效果。联系了前 ENAM 参与者的孩子（现在 13 至 15 岁）。改编、预测试、精炼了韦氏智力测验量表的项目，并再次进行了预测试。在 ENAM 的三个地点之一（几内亚萨凡纳地区）对前 ENAM 参与者（60 个干预组和 51 个对照组家庭）进行了横断面数据收集。收集了参与者的社会经济地位和粮食不安全状况以及他们孩子的智力、饮食摄入、学业成绩、人体测量学和抑郁症状的数据。言语分量表的 alpha 系数在第一次和第二次预测试之间有所提高（从 0.34 提高到 0.80）。在控制年龄后，儿童的智力得分与他们的年级（r=0.35，p=0.001）和学业成绩（r=0.26 至 0.33，p<0.05）相关。言语量表与他们的人体测量学（r=0.24 至 0.27，p<0.05）相关。干预组儿童的饮食多样性评分仍高于对照组（6.8 对 5.8，p=0.0001）；然而，在调整混杂因素后，差异不再具有统计学意义。两组在生长或智力发育方面没有显著差异。改编后的韦氏智力测验量表 II 在评估加纳农村青少年的智力方面表现良好，ENAM 干预对儿童生长发育没有长期影响。
