Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
German Mosquito Control Association (KABS), Speyer, Germany.
Malar J. 2019 Apr 11;18(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s12936-019-2759-1.
Insecticide resistance in Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes has become widespread throughout West Africa including in Burkina Faso. The insecticide resistance allele (kdr or L1014F) is a prime indicator that is highly correlated with phenotypic resistance in West Africa. Studies from Benin, Ghana and Mali have suggested that the source of the L1014F is introgression of the 2L divergence island via interspecific hybridization with Anopheles gambiae. The goal of this study was to characterize local mosquito populations in the Nouna Department, Burkina Faso with respect to: (i) the extent of introgression between An. coluzzii and An. gambiae, (ii) the frequency of the L1014F mutation and (iii) Plasmodium infection rates.
A total of 95 mosquitoes were collected from ten sites surrounding Nouna town in Kossi Province, Burkina Faso in 2012. The species composition, the extent of introgression in An. coluzzii mosquitoes and their Plasmodium infection rates were identified with a modified version of the "Divergence Island SNP" (DIS) genotyping assay.
The mosquito collection contained 70.5% An. coluzzii, 89.3% of which carried a 3 Mb genomic region on the 2L chromosome with L1014F insecticide resistance mutation that was introgressed from An. gambiae. In addition, 22.4% in the introgressed An. coluzzii specimens were infected with Plasmodium falciparum, whereas none of the non-introgressed ("pure") An. coluzzii were infected.
This paper is the first report providing divergence island SNP genotypes for natural population of Burkina Faso and corresponding Plasmodium infection rates. These observations warrant further study and could have a major impact on future malaria control strategies in Burkina Faso.
在整个西非，包括布基纳法索，致倦库蚊对杀虫剂的抗药性已经广泛传播。杀虫剂抗性等位基因（kdr 或 L1014F）是一个重要的指标，与西非的表型抗性高度相关。来自贝宁、加纳和马里的研究表明，L1014F 的来源是通过与冈比亚按蚊的种间杂交，导致 2L 分化岛的基因渗入。本研究的目的是描述布基纳法索努纳省当地蚊子种群的特征：（i）致倦库蚊和冈比亚按蚊之间的基因渗入程度，（ii）L1014F 突变的频率，以及（iii）疟原虫感染率。
2012 年，在布基纳法索科西省努纳镇周围的 10 个地点共采集了 95 只蚊子。采用改良的“分化岛 SNP”（DIS）基因分型检测方法，鉴定了蚊种组成、致倦库蚊基因渗入程度及其疟原虫感染率。
蚊子采集物中含有 70.5%的致倦库蚊，其中 89.3%携带一个 2L 染色体上的 3Mb 基因组区域，该区域带有来自冈比亚按蚊的 L1014F 杀虫剂抗性突变。此外，22.4%的基因渗入致倦库蚊标本感染了恶性疟原虫，而未感染非基因渗入的（“纯”）致倦库蚊。
本文首次报道了布基纳法索自然种群的分化岛 SNP 基因型及其相应的疟原虫感染率。这些观察结果值得进一步研究，并可能对布基纳法索未来的疟疾控制策略产生重大影响。
