Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
Department of Clinical Research, Oriental Medicine Research Center, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan.
Exp Anim. 2019 Aug 14;68(3):381-389. doi: 10.1538/expanim.19-0030. Epub 2019 Apr 9.
Upper gastrointestinal (GI) motility is affected by various drugs and diseases. However, changes in upper GI motility during these conditions are not well understood, as there are few quantitative in vivo methods that assess small intestinal motility in mice. Ultrasonography is a noninvasive method for imaging and evaluating the condition of the abdominal organs. The aim of the present study was to establish a novel method for evaluating small intestinal motility by using ultrasonography in mice. We measured GI motility with and without loperamide, an antidiarrheal medication, by intestinal transit using an orally administered dye, a C-octanoic acid breath test, and ultrasonography. Locomotion activity of the duodenal wall was used for quantifying the GI motility observed via ultrasonography. Our results showed that upper GI transit was significantly delayed by loperamide. The C-octanoic acid breath test revealed decreased gastric emptying in loperamide-treated mice. Through ultrasonography, large peristaltic movements were observed in the duodenum of the control mice. In contrast, after treatment with loperamide, these peristaltic movements were suppressed, and the duodenal lumen was enlarged, suggesting decreased duodenal motility. In accordance with these results, quantifiable locomotion activity was also significantly decreased. In conclusion, ultrasonography is an effective in vivo method to quantify small intestinal motility in mice.
上消化道（GI）动力受到各种药物和疾病的影响。然而，由于缺乏评估小鼠小肠动力的定量体内方法，这些情况下上 GI 动力的变化尚不清楚。超声检查是一种用于成像和评估腹部器官状况的非侵入性方法。本研究的目的是建立一种通过超声检查评估小鼠小肠动力的新方法。我们通过口服染料、C-辛酸呼气试验和超声检查来测量有和没有洛哌丁胺（一种止泻药）时的 GI 动力，洛哌丁胺可影响 GI 动力。我们使用十二指肠壁的运动活动来定量超声检查观察到的 GI 动力。我们的结果表明，洛哌丁胺显著延迟了上 GI 转运。C-辛酸呼气试验显示洛哌丁胺治疗的小鼠胃排空减少。通过超声检查，在对照组小鼠的十二指肠中观察到较大的蠕动运动。相比之下，在用洛哌丁胺治疗后，这些蠕动运动受到抑制，十二指肠腔扩大，表明十二指肠动力降低。与这些结果一致，可量化的运动活动也显著降低。总之，超声检查是一种定量评估小鼠小肠动力的有效体内方法。
