Conn Aleisha, Bourke Nicola, James Carole, Haracz Kirsti
Marathon Health, Dubbo, New South Wales, Australia.
Morisset Hospital, Morisett, New South Wales, Australia.
Aust Occup Ther J. 2019 Aug;66(4):446-457. doi: 10.1111/1440-1630.12575. Epub 2019 Apr 10.
Individuals diagnosed with severe mental illness have higher rates of obesity than the general population due to a range of factors, including: medication side effects, poor nutrition and reduced physical activity. Obesity is associated with increased mortality and reduced quality of life. Evidence suggests that lifestyle interventions can be effective in addressing this issue. While such interventions would appear to fit within the scope of practice of occupational therapy, there is no publication synthesising the existing literature regarding occupational therapy interventions addressing lifestyle factors associated with obesity.
To determine what is known from the existing literature about occupational therapy interventions addressing weight gain and obesity in adults diagnosed with severe mental illness.
A scoping review was conducted. Searches were performed in online databases, occupational therapy journals and grey literature databases. Thematic analysis occurred across all articles included in the review.
A total of 14 articles were included in the review. Analysis revealed a central theme of supporting occupational performance and participation in health promoting occupations. This central theme consisted of four categories; facilitating client-centred practice, addressing personal performance issues, addressing environmental barriers and providing the 'just right' challenge.
CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: These findings suggest occupational therapists are providing occupation focused interventions that are aligned with current clinical guidelines. However, more research is required to strengthen evidence-based occupational therapy practice in this important area.
由于一系列因素，包括药物副作用、营养不良和身体活动减少，被诊断患有严重精神疾病的个体肥胖率高于普通人群。肥胖与死亡率增加和生活质量下降相关。有证据表明，生活方式干预可以有效解决这一问题。虽然此类干预似乎属于职业治疗的实践范围，但尚无出版物综合现有关于职业治疗干预措施以解决与肥胖相关的生活方式因素的文献。
确定现有文献中关于职业治疗干预措施对被诊断患有严重精神疾病的成年人体重增加和肥胖问题的了解情况。
进行了一项范围综述。在在线数据库、职业治疗期刊和灰色文献数据库中进行了检索。对综述中纳入的所有文章进行了主题分析。
综述共纳入14篇文章。分析揭示了支持职业表现和参与促进健康职业这一中心主题。这一中心主题包括四个类别；促进以客户为中心的实践、解决个人表现问题、解决环境障碍以及提供“恰到好处”的挑战。
结论/意义：这些发现表明职业治疗师正在提供与当前临床指南一致的以职业为重点的干预措施。然而，需要更多研究来加强这一重要领域基于证据的职业治疗实践。
