Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Radiation Sciences, Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2019 Aug;29(8):1181-1189. doi: 10.1111/sms.13432. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
Athletes exposed to rapid maneuvers need a high level of dynamic knee stability and robustness, while also controlling whole body movement, to decrease the risk of non-contact knee injury. The effects of high-level athletic training on such measures of movement control have not, however, been thoroughly evaluated. This study investigated whether elite athletes (who regularly perform knee-specific neuromuscular training) show greater dynamic knee robustness and/or different movement strategies than non-athletic controls, in relation to overall knee function. Thirty-nine women (19 athletes, 20 controls) performed standardized rebound side hops (SRSH) while a motion capture system synchronized with two force plates registered three-dimensional trunk, hip, and knee joint angles and moments. Dynamic knee robustness was evaluated using finite helical axis (FHA) inclination angles extracted from knee rotation intervals of 10°, analyzed with independent t tests. Angle and moment curves were analyzed with inferential methods for functional data. Athletes had superior knee function (less laxity, greater hop performances, and strength) but presented similar FHA inclination angles to controls. Movement strategies during the landing phase differed; athletes presented larger (a) hip flexion angles (during 9%-29% of the phase), (b) hip adduction moments (59%-99%), (c) hip internal rotation moments (83%-89%), and (d) knee flexion moments (79%-93%). Thus, elite athletes may have a greater ability than non-athletes to keep the knee robust while performing SRSH more efficiently through increased engagement of the hip. However, dynamic knee robustness associated with lower FHA inclination angles still show room for improvement, thus possibly decreasing knee injury risk.
运动员在进行快速动作时需要高水平的动态膝关节稳定性和鲁棒性，同时还需要控制全身运动，以降低非接触性膝关节损伤的风险。然而，高强度运动训练对这些运动控制措施的影响尚未得到彻底评估。本研究旨在调查与整体膝关节功能相关的情况下，精英运动员（经常进行膝关节特定神经肌肉训练）是否表现出更大的动态膝关节鲁棒性和/或不同的运动策略，而非竞技对照组。39 名女性（19 名运动员，20 名对照组）在同步进行三维运动捕捉系统和两个测力板的反弹侧跳（SRSH）中，进行标准化反弹侧跳（SRSH）。使用从膝关节旋转间隔 10°提取的有限螺旋轴（FHA）倾斜角评估动态膝关节鲁棒性，并通过独立 t 检验进行分析。角度和力矩曲线使用功能数据的推断方法进行分析。运动员的膝关节功能更好（更松弛、更好的跳跃表现和力量），但 FHA 倾斜角与对照组相似。在着陆阶段的运动策略不同；运动员的髋关节屈曲角度更大（在阶段的 9%-29%期间）、髋关节内收力矩更大（59%-99%）、髋关节内旋力矩更大（83%-89%）和膝关节屈曲力矩更大（79%-93%）。因此，与非运动员相比，精英运动员在进行 SRSH 时可能具有更大的保持膝关节鲁棒性的能力，同时通过增加髋关节的参与度更有效地完成运动。然而，与较低 FHA 倾斜角相关的动态膝关节鲁棒性仍有改进的空间，从而可能降低膝关节损伤的风险。
