Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019 Jun;31:112-117. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.03.028. Epub 2019 Apr 4.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an uncommon autoimmune disease of the central nerves system (CNS) by inflammatory nature. The effects of high dietary sugar intake on inflammation and dysbiosis have been received more attention in recent years. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between various types of dietary sugar intake and NMOSD odds and clinical features.
The current case-control study was conducted among 70 patients with definite NMOSD diagnosis based on 2015 international consensus criteria and 164 hospital-based controls. Demographic and anthropometric information in all participants and disease characteristics just in case group were obtained. Dietary data during the past year of study attendance was collected by a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire. Participants were stratified into 3 tertiles according to each type of sugar intake and the third tertile considered as reference in multivariate regression models. The correlation between dietary sugar and disease features were analyzed using Pearson correlation test.
The mean ± SD of total sugar intake increased from 80.73 ± 17.71 to 208.71 ± 57.93 g/day across tertiles of total sugar intake. In fully adjusted model, lower intake of sugar was associates with decreased odds of NMOSD in the first tertile vs third tertile by ORs of: 0.02(CI:0.00-0.08; p-for-trend:0.00), 0.02(CI:0.00-0.10; p-for-trend:0.00), 0.23(CI:0.08-0.61; p-for-trend:0.00), 0.19(CI:0.06-0.58; p-for-trend:0.00) and 0.16(CI:0.05-0.51; p-for-trend:0.00) for glucose, fructose, galactose, lactose and sucrose, respectively. The odds of NMOSD had a 1.72-fold (CI: 1.43-2.03; p-for-trend:0.00) significant raise per every 10 g increase for total sugar intake. There was no significant correlation between various types of dietary sugar intakes and relapse rate or patients' disability.
The present study proposes a possible direct association between high intake of various sugar types and odds of suffering from NMOSD. More investigations are needed to prove this results.
视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病（NMOSD）是一种中枢神经系统（CNS）的罕见自身免疫性疾病，具有炎症性质。近年来，人们对高糖饮食对炎症和菌群失调的影响越来越关注。本研究旨在探讨各种类型的膳食糖摄入量与 NMOSD 发病几率和临床特征之间的关系。
本病例对照研究纳入了 70 名基于 2015 年国际共识标准确诊的 NMOSD 患者和 164 名医院对照。所有参与者均获得了人口统计学和人体测量学信息，以及仅在病例组中获得的疾病特征。在研究期间，通过经过验证的 168 项食物频率问卷收集了过去一年的饮食数据。参与者根据每种糖的摄入量分为 3 个三分位组，多元回归模型中以第 3 个三分位组为参考。采用 Pearson 相关检验分析膳食糖与疾病特征之间的相关性。
总糖摄入量的平均值±标准差从三分位组 1 的 80.73±17.71g/天增加到三分位组 3 的 208.71±57.93g/天。在完全调整的模型中，与第 3 三分位组相比，第 1 三分位组 NMOSD 的发病几率较低，比值比（ORs）分别为：0.02（95%CI：0.00-0.08；趋势检验 p 值：0.00）、0.02（95%CI：0.00-0.10；趋势检验 p 值：0.00）、0.23（95%CI：0.08-0.61；趋势检验 p 值：0.00）、0.19（95%CI：0.06-0.58；趋势检验 p 值：0.00）和 0.16（95%CI：0.05-0.51；趋势检验 p 值：0.00），葡萄糖、果糖、半乳糖、乳糖和蔗糖分别为 0.02（95%CI：0.00-0.08；趋势检验 p 值：0.00）、0.02（95%CI：0.00-0.10；趋势检验 p 值：0.00）、0.23（95%CI：0.08-0.61；趋势检验 p 值：0.00）、0.19（95%CI：0.06-0.58；趋势检验 p 值：0.00）和 0.16（95%CI：0.05-0.51；趋势检验 p 值：0.00）。总糖摄入量每增加 10g，NMOSD 的发病几率就会增加 1.72 倍（95%CI：1.43-2.03；趋势检验 p 值：0.00）。各种类型的膳食糖摄入量与复发率或患者残疾程度之间没有显著相关性。
本研究提出了各种类型的高糖饮食摄入与 NMOSD 发病几率之间可能存在直接关联。需要进一步的研究来证实这一结果。
