Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Consortium, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
Biosci Rep. 2019 May 3;39(5). doi: 10.1042/BSR20182417. Print 2019 May 31.
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to many diseases including organ degeneration and cancer. Mesenchymal stem cells/stromal cells (MSCs) provide a valuable source for stem cell-based therapy and represent an emerging therapeutic approach for tissue regeneration. Increasing evidence suggests that MSCs can directly donate mitochondria to recover from cell injury and rescue mitochondrial damage-provoked tissue degeneration. Meanwhile, cancer cells and cancer stromal cells also cross-talk through mitochondrial exchange to regulate cancer metastasis. This review summarizes the research on MSCs and their mitochondrial transfer. It provides an overview of the biology, function, niches and signaling that play a role in tissue repair. It also highlights the pathologies of cancer growth and metastasis linked to mitochondrial exchange between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells. It becomes evident that the function of MSC mitochondrial transfer is a double-edged sword. MSC mitochondrial transfer may be a pharmaceutical target for tissue repair and cancer therapy.
线粒体功能障碍与许多疾病有关，包括器官退化和癌症。间充质干细胞/基质细胞（MSCs）为基于干细胞的治疗提供了有价值的来源，代表了组织再生的一种新兴治疗方法。越来越多的证据表明，MSCs 可以直接捐赠线粒体来从细胞损伤中恢复，并挽救线粒体损伤引起的组织退化。同时，癌细胞和癌基质细胞也通过线粒体交换进行交流，以调节癌症转移。本综述总结了 MSCs 及其线粒体转移的研究。它概述了在组织修复中发挥作用的生物学、功能、生态位和信号转导。它还强调了与癌细胞和周围基质细胞之间线粒体交换相关的癌症生长和转移的病理学。显然，MSC 线粒体转移的功能是一把双刃剑。MSC 线粒体转移可能是组织修复和癌症治疗的药物靶点。
