c/o Post-Graduate Medical Education, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Toronto, 8th Floor, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Cult Med Psychiatry. 2019 Sep;43(3):442-467. doi: 10.1007/s11013-019-09631-y.
Alterations in self-experience are increasingly attended to as relevant and important aspects of schizophrenia, and psychosis more broadly, through a burgeoning self-disorders (SD) literature. At the same time, issues of self, subject, and subjectivity within schizophrenia-spectrum illnesses have also gained attention from researchers across the social sciences and humanities, and from ethnographic research especially. This paper examines the subjective experience of disruptions in self-identity within a cohort of first episode psychosis (FEP) service users, critically engaging with the SD literature and bringing it into conversation with social sciences and humanities scholarship on self and schizophrenia. Drawing findings from an ongoing ethnographic study of young peoples' experiences with psychosis, we explore meanings of mental distress relating to psychotic episodes and attend to issues of self, identity, and subjectivity. We critique the division between "normal" and "pathological" self-experience that is endorsed within the SD literature, arguing against the notion that fragmentation of self-experience in schizophrenia-spectrum illnesses is indicative of psychopathology. We highlight how experiences categorized as psychosis are also important and complete aspects of one's social world and inner life and explore the ways in which at least some aspects of disruptions of self-identity stem from clinical situations themselves-in particular, from asymmetries of power within the mental health system. Relating our findings to feminist, postcolonial, and disability studies' approaches to the "self," we emphasize the complex interplay between interpersonal, cultural, and structural aspects of self-experience within FEP.
自我体验的改变越来越被视为精神分裂症及更广泛的精神病学的相关和重要方面,这得益于不断发展的自我障碍(SD)文献。与此同时,精神分裂症谱系疾病中的自我、主体和主体性问题也引起了社会科学和人文学科以及民族志研究领域的研究人员的关注。本文通过对首发精神病(FEP)服务使用者群体的自我认同障碍的主观体验进行研究,批判性地参与 SD 文献,并将其与关于自我和精神分裂症的社会科学和人文学科的研究进行对话。本文从一项正在进行的关于年轻人精神病经历的民族志研究中提取发现,我们探讨了与精神病发作相关的精神困扰的意义,并关注自我、身份和主体性问题。我们批判了 SD 文献中所支持的“正常”和“病态”自我体验之间的划分,反对将精神分裂症谱系疾病中的自我体验碎片化视为精神病理学的观点。我们强调了被归类为精神病的体验也是一个人社会世界和内心生活的重要和完整的方面,并探讨了至少某些自我认同障碍源自临床情况本身的方式,特别是源自心理健康系统中的权力不对称。通过将我们的发现与女性主义、后殖民主义和残疾研究对“自我”的方法联系起来,我们强调了 FEP 中自我体验的人际、文化和结构方面之间的复杂相互作用。