Buyukdere Yucel, Gulec Atila, Akyol Asli
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
PeerJ. 2019 Apr 5;7:e6656. doi: 10.7717/peerj.6656. eCollection 2019.
Dietary intervention studies in animal models of obesity are crucial to elucidate the mechanistic effects of specific nutrients and diets. Although several models of diet induced obesity have been examined in rodents to assess obesity, there are few studies that have researched influence of different high fat and/or westernized diets. The aim of this study was to compare a high fat diet and a cafeteria diet on obesity related biochemical and physiological parameters in young male rats.
Five week old Wistar male rats were fed a control chow diet (C), butter-based high fat diet (HF) or cafeteria diet (CAF) for twelve weeks. In HF, 40% of energy came from fat and this ratio was 46% in CAF. CAF composed of highly energetic and palatable human foods along with chow diet. At the end of the feeding protocol all animals were culled using CO asphyxia and cervical dislocation after an overnight fasting.
Total energy and fat intake of CAF was significantly higher than C and HF. CAF was more effective in inducing obesity, as demonstrated by increased weight gain, Lee index, fat depot weights and total body fat in comparison to C and HF. Despite increased adiposity in CAF, plasma glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR levels were similar between the groups. Plasma leptin and cholesterol levels were markedly higher in CAF than C and HF.
We have demonstrated that there are differential effects of high fat diet and cafeteria diet upon obesity and obesity-related parameters, with CAF leading to a more pronounced adiposity in comparison to high fat diet in young male rats. Future studies should consider the varied outcomes of different diet induced obesity models and development of a standardized approach in similar research practices.
在肥胖动物模型中进行饮食干预研究对于阐明特定营养素和饮食的作用机制至关重要。尽管已经在啮齿动物中研究了几种饮食诱导肥胖的模型以评估肥胖情况，但很少有研究探讨不同高脂肪和/或西式饮食的影响。本研究的目的是比较高脂肪饮食和自助餐厅饮食对年轻雄性大鼠肥胖相关生化和生理参数的影响。
将五周龄的Wistar雄性大鼠分别喂食对照普通饲料（C）、以黄油为基础的高脂肪饲料（HF）或自助餐厅饮食（CAF），持续十二周。在HF组中，40%的能量来自脂肪，而在CAF组中这一比例为46%。CAF由高能量且美味的人类食物以及普通饲料组成。在喂养方案结束时，所有动物在禁食过夜后使用一氧化碳窒息和颈椎脱臼法处死。
CAF组的总能量和脂肪摄入量显著高于C组和HF组。与C组和HF组相比，CAF组在诱导肥胖方面更有效，表现为体重增加、李氏指数、脂肪储存重量和全身脂肪增加。尽管CAF组的肥胖程度增加，但各组之间的血浆葡萄糖、胰岛素和HOMA-IR水平相似。CAF组的血浆瘦素和胆固醇水平明显高于C组和HF组。
我们已经证明高脂肪饮食和自助餐厅饮食对肥胖及肥胖相关参数有不同影响，与高脂肪饮食相比，CAF饮食在年轻雄性大鼠中导致更明显的肥胖。未来的研究应考虑不同饮食诱导肥胖模型的不同结果，并在类似的研究实践中开发标准化方法。
