Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Prêto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Mol Biol Rep. 2022 Jul;49(7):5883-5895. doi: 10.1007/s11033-022-07370-9. Epub 2022 Mar 28.
Calorie restriction (CR) is a type of dietary intervention that is essential in weight loss through modulation of critical metabolic control pathways, is well established and understood in cases of systemic arterial hypertension, however, its role in renovascular hypertension is still unclear.
Rats were divided into three groups: SHAM, and two groups that underwent surgery to clip the left renal artery and induce renovascular hypertension (OH and OHR). The SHAM diet was as follows: 14 weeks normolipidic diet; OH: 2 weeks normolipidic diet + 12 weeks hyperlipidic diet, both ad libitum; OHR, 2 weeks normolipidic diet + 8 weeks ad libitum high-fat diet + 4 weeks 40% calorie-restricted high-fat diet.
Rats in the OHR group had decreased blood pressure, body weight, and glucose levels. Reductions in insulinemia and in lipid and islet fibrotic areas in the OHR group were observed, along with increased insulin sensitivity and normalization of insulin-degrading enzyme levels. The expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), insulin receptor (IR), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and complex II proteins were increased in the liver tissue of the OHR group. Strong correlations, whether positive or negative, were evaluated via Spearman's model between SIRT1, AMPK, NAMPT, PGC-1α, and NNMT expressions with the restoration of normal blood pressure, weight loss, glycemic and lipid panel, and mitochondrial adaptation.
CR provided short-term beneficial effects to recover the physiological parameters induced by a high-fat diet and renal artery stenosis in obese and hypertensive animals. These benefits, even in the short term, can provide physiological benefits in the long term.
热量限制（CR）是一种饮食干预方式，通过调节关键代谢控制途径，在体重减轻方面非常有效，这在系统性动脉高血压的情况下已经得到了很好的证实和理解，然而，其在肾血管性高血压中的作用仍不清楚。
将大鼠分为三组：SHAM 组，以及两组通过夹闭左肾动脉诱导肾血管性高血压的大鼠（OH 和 OHR）。SHAM 组的饮食如下：14 周低脂饮食；OH 组：2 周低脂饮食+12 周高脂饮食，自由进食；OHR 组，2 周低脂饮食+8 周自由进食高脂肪饮食+4 周 40%热量限制高脂肪饮食。
OHR 组大鼠血压、体重和血糖水平降低。在 OHR 组观察到胰岛素血症降低，以及血脂和胰岛纤维化面积减少，同时胰岛素敏感性增加，胰岛素降解酶水平正常化。肝组织中烟酰胺磷酸核糖转移酶（NAMPT）、胰岛素受体（IR）、SIRT1 和复合物 II 蛋白的表达增加。通过 Spearman 模型评估 SIRT1、AMPK、NAMPT、PGC-1α 和 NNMT 表达与恢复正常血压、体重减轻、血糖和血脂谱以及线粒体适应之间的正相关或负相关。
CR 在短期内容易地提供了有益的效果，可恢复肥胖和高血压动物由高脂肪饮食和肾动脉狭窄引起的生理参数。这些益处，即使是短期的，也可以在长期内提供生理益处。
