Onishi Alex C, Fawzi Amani A
Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Ther Adv Ophthalmol. 2019 Apr 3;11:2515841419840249. doi: 10.1177/2515841419840249. eCollection 2019 Jan-Dec.
Optical coherence tomography angiography is a relatively new, noninvasive technology that has revolutionized imaging of the retinal and choroidal microvasculature. This technology is based on the detection of movement or changes that represent moving red cells in sequential optical coherence tomography scans. As with other established imaging technologies, it has unique benefits as well as certain disadvantages, which include a limited field of view and vulnerability to imaging artifacts. However, software and hardware improvements are continually evolving to mitigate these limitations. Optical coherence tomography angiography has been used to gain a better understanding of microvascular changes across a spectrum of ocular diseases including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and retinal vein occlusions. In this article, we review algorithms and techniques commonly utilized in optical coherence tomography angiography systems and compare optical coherence tomography angiography to fluorescein angiography, the current gold standard for imaging the retinal vasculature. In addition, we provide an overview of important optical coherence tomography angiography findings in a variety of ocular diseases. Although the clinical role of this technology is still poorly defined, optical coherence tomography angiography has the potential to become an invaluable tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of vascular pathologies.
光学相干断层扫描血管造影术是一种相对较新的非侵入性技术，它彻底改变了视网膜和脉络膜微血管系统的成像方式。该技术基于在连续光学相干断层扫描中检测代表移动红细胞的运动或变化。与其他成熟的成像技术一样，它有独特的优势以及某些缺点，包括视野有限和易受成像伪影影响。然而，软件和硬件的改进在不断发展以减轻这些限制。光学相干断层扫描血管造影术已被用于更好地了解一系列眼部疾病中的微血管变化，包括糖尿病性视网膜病变、年龄相关性黄斑变性、青光眼和视网膜静脉阻塞。在本文中，我们回顾了光学相干断层扫描血管造影系统中常用的算法和技术，并将光学相干断层扫描血管造影术与荧光素血管造影术（目前视网膜血管成像的金标准）进行比较。此外，我们概述了各种眼部疾病中重要的光学相干断层扫描血管造影结果。尽管该技术的临床作用仍不明确，但光学相干断层扫描血管造影术有潜力成为诊断和监测血管病变的宝贵工具。
