RAND Corporation.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2019 Jun;33(4):401-411. doi: 10.1037/adb0000464. Epub 2019 Apr 15.
Cannabis and tobacco/nicotine use are highly comorbid. Given expanding access to cannabis through legalization for recreational use, it is important to understand how patterns of cannabis and tobacco/nicotine co-use are associated with young adult outcomes. A predominantly California-based sample of 2,429 young adults (mean age = 20.7) completed an online survey. Based on past-year reports of cannabis and tobacco/nicotine use, we defined 5 mutually exclusive groups: (a) single-product use; (b) concurrent use only (using both products, but only on separate occasions); (c) sequential use only (using both products on the same occasion, one right after the other, but not mixing them together); (d) coadministration only (using both products on the same occasion by mixing them in the same delivery device); and (e) both sequential use and coadministration. We examined group differences in use patterns, dependence, consequences of use, and psychosocial functioning. Fifty percent of respondents reported cannabis use, 43% tobacco/nicotine use, and 37% co-use of both substances. The most prevalent method of co-use involved smoking combustible products. Overall, individuals who co-used both substances on the same occasion in some way reported heavier use and greater problematic behaviors than those who did not. Sequential use (especially among those that also engaged in coadministration) was typically associated with worse physical and mental functioning overall compared to using each substance separately. Findings illuminate both prevalence and risks associated with co-use of cannabis and tobacco/nicotine products and can inform policies for states considering regulation of cannabis and tobacco/nicotine products. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
大麻和烟草/尼古丁的使用高度共病。鉴于通过娱乐用途合法化扩大了大麻的获取途径，了解大麻和烟草/尼古丁共同使用的模式如何与年轻成年人的结果相关非常重要。一个以加利福尼亚为基础的 2429 名年轻成年人（平均年龄= 20.7）的主要样本完成了在线调查。根据过去一年的大麻和烟草/尼古丁使用报告，我们定义了 5 个相互排斥的组：（a）单一产品使用；（b）仅同时使用（同时使用两种产品，但仅在不同场合使用）；（c）仅顺序使用（在同一场合先后使用两种产品，但不混合在一起）；（d）仅共同给药（在同一场合使用两种产品，通过将它们混合在同一给药装置中）；（e）同时顺序使用和共同给药。我们检查了使用模式、依赖性、使用后果和心理社会功能方面的组间差异。50%的受访者报告使用过大麻，43%的受访者报告使用过烟草/尼古丁，37%的受访者同时使用过这两种物质。最常见的共同使用方法涉及吸食可燃产品。总体而言，以某种方式同时使用两种物质的个体报告的使用量和更严重的问题行为比不使用的个体更多。与单独使用每种物质相比，顺序使用（特别是在同时进行共同给药的个体中）通常与整体较差的身体和心理健康功能相关。研究结果阐明了大麻和烟草/尼古丁产品共同使用的普遍性和风险，并为考虑大麻和烟草/尼古丁产品监管的州提供了政策依据。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。
