Wang Jun, Sun Fang, Deng Hui-Ling, Liu Rui-Qing
Department Second of Infectious Diseases.
Department of Respiratory, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Apr;98(15):e15009. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000015009.
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a vasculitic illness of childhood associated with coronary artery dilatation, coronary artery aneurysm, arrhythmia, sudden death, and other serious cardiovascular diseases. Up to date, the etiology of KD remains unclear; however, epidemiological characteristics indicate that it may be related to as-yet-undefined pathogen infection.
A 19-month-old boy had a fever of unknown origin at 38°C for 9 days without rash, runny nose and cough.
The boy was diagnosed with incomplete KD (IKD) coincident with influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus.
He was received treatments including human immunoglobulin (2 g/kg), aspirin (30∼50 mg/kg.d), and dipyridamole (3∼5 mg/kg.d).
After 24 hours of human immunoglobulin infusion, his body temperature returned normal. After hospitalization for 6 days, his symptoms disappeared and discharged from the hospital.
More attention should be paid to the correlation between KD and pathogen infection, especially the new influenza virus H1N1. The potential mechanism underlying viral infection-mediated KD is worthy of further investigation, which may provide scientific evidence for the pathogenesis of KD.
川崎病（KD）是一种儿童期血管炎性疾病，与冠状动脉扩张、冠状动脉瘤、心律失常、猝死及其他严重心血管疾病相关。迄今为止，KD的病因仍不清楚；然而，流行病学特征表明其可能与尚未明确的病原体感染有关。
一名19个月大男孩不明原因发热38°C达9天，无皮疹、流涕及咳嗽。
该男孩被诊断为不完全性KD（IKD）合并甲型H1N1pdm09流感病毒感染。
给予其包括人免疫球蛋白（2g/kg）、阿司匹林（30～50mg/kg·d）及双嘧达莫（3～5mg/kg·d）在内的治疗。
输注人免疫球蛋白24小时后，其体温恢复正常。住院6天后，症状消失并出院。
应更加关注KD与病原体感染之间的相关性，尤其是新型甲型H1N1流感病毒。病毒感染介导KD的潜在机制值得进一步研究，这可能为KD的发病机制提供科学依据。
