Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Indoor Air. 2019 Jul;29(4):527-538. doi: 10.1111/ina.12559. Epub 2019 May 6.
Few prospective studies exist on indoor and outdoor air pollution in relation to adolescent rhinitis. We studied associations between onset and remission of rhinitis among junior high school students in relation to the home and school environment. A 2-year questionnaire cohort study was performed among 1325 students (11-15 years) in eight schools in Taiyuan, Northern China. Climate and air pollution were measured by direct reading instruments and passive samplers inside and outside the schools at baseline. Associations were calculated by multilevel logistic regression. Two-year onset of rhinitis and weekly rhinitis were 26.7% and 13.1%, respectively. RH (P < 0.001), CO (P < 0.01) and PM (P < 0.01) in the classrooms, PM (P < 0.01) and NO (P < 0.05) outside the schools, and redecoration (OR = 2.25) and dampness/indoor mold at home (OR = 2.04) were associated with onset of weekly rhinitis. RH (P < 0.05) and CO (P < 0.05) in the classroom and dampness/indoor mold (OR = 0.67) and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) at home (OR = 0.63) reduced remission of rhinitis. In conclusion, dampness/mold and chemical emissions from new materials at home can increase onset of rhinitis and ETS and dampness/mold can reduce the remission. PM , RH, CO , and NO at school can increase the onset, and RH and CO can reduce the remission of rhinitis.
鲜有前瞻性研究探讨室内外空气污染与青少年鼻炎之间的关系。我们研究了初中学生鼻炎发病和缓解与家庭和学校环境之间的关系。在中国北方太原市的 8 所学校中进行了一项为期 2 年的问卷调查队列研究，共纳入了 1325 名（11-15 岁）学生。在校内外使用直接读数仪器和被动采样器测量气候和空气污染。使用多水平逻辑回归计算关联。鼻炎发病 2 年和每周鼻炎的发生率分别为 26.7%和 13.1%。教室中的 RH（P<0.001）、CO（P<0.01）和 PM（P<0.01）、学校外的 PM（P<0.01）和 NO（P<0.05）、以及家庭内的重新装修（OR=2.25）和潮湿/室内霉菌（OR=2.04）与每周鼻炎的发病相关。教室中的 RH（P<0.05）和 CO（P<0.05）以及家庭内的潮湿/室内霉菌（OR=0.67）和环境烟草烟雾（ETS）（OR=0.63）降低了鼻炎的缓解率。总之，家庭内的潮湿/霉菌和新材料的化学排放可能会增加鼻炎的发病，而 ETS 和潮湿/霉菌会降低鼻炎的缓解率。学校内的 PM、RH、CO 和 NO 会增加鼻炎的发病，而 RH 和 CO 会降低鼻炎的缓解率。
