Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Indoor Air. 2019 Jan;29(1):30-42. doi: 10.1111/ina.12517. Epub 2018 Nov 21.
We studied dampness and mold in China in relation to rhinitis, ocular, throat and dermal symptoms, headache and fatigue. A questionnaire study was performed in six cities including 36 541 randomized parents of young children. Seven self-reported signs of dampness were evaluated. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs). Totally, 3.1% had weekly rhinitis, 2.8% eye, 4.1% throat and 4.8% skin symptoms, 3.0% headache and 13.9% fatigue. Overall, 6.3% of the homes had mold, 11.1% damp stains, 35.3% damp bed clothing, 12.8% water damage, 45.4% window pane condensation, 11.1% mold odor, and 37.5% humid air. All dampness signs were associated with symptoms (ORs from 1.2 to 4.6; P < 0.001), including rhinitis (ORs from 1.4 to 3.2; P < 0.001), and ORs increased by number of dampness signs. The strongest associations were for mold odor (ORs from 2.3 to 4.6) and humid air (ORs from 2.8 to 4.8). Associations were stronger among men and stronger in Beijing as compared to south China. In conclusion, dampness and mold are common in Chinese homes and associated with rhinitis and ocular, throat and dermal symptoms, headache and fatigue. Men can be more sensitive to dampness and health effects of dampness can be stronger in northern China.
我们研究了中国的潮湿和霉菌与鼻炎、眼部、喉咙和皮肤症状、头痛和疲劳的关系。这项问卷调查研究在包括 6 个城市的 36541 名随机选择的幼儿父母中进行。评估了 7 种自我报告的潮湿迹象。使用多水平逻辑回归模型计算比值比（ORs）。共有 3.1%的人每周有鼻炎，2.8%的人有眼部症状，4.1%的人有喉咙症状，4.8%的人有皮肤症状，3.0%的人有头痛，13.9%的人有疲劳。总的来说，6.3%的家庭有霉菌，11.1%的家庭有潮湿的污渍，35.3%的家庭有潮湿的床上用品，12.8%的家庭有渗水，45.4%的家庭有窗玻璃冷凝，11.1%的家庭有霉菌味，37.5%的家庭空气潮湿。所有潮湿迹象都与症状相关（OR 值为 1.2 至 4.6；P<0.001），包括鼻炎（OR 值为 1.4 至 3.2；P<0.001），且随着潮湿迹象数量的增加，OR 值也会增加。与症状关联最强的是霉菌味（OR 值为 2.3 至 4.6）和潮湿空气（OR 值为 2.8 至 4.8）。男性的关联更强，与中国南方相比，北京的关联更强。总之，潮湿和霉菌在中国家庭中很常见，与鼻炎以及眼部、喉咙和皮肤症状、头痛和疲劳有关。男性可能对潮湿更敏感，潮湿对健康的影响在中国北方可能更强。
