Chowdhury Naema, Giles B Louise, Dell Sharon D
Pediatr Ann. 2019 Apr 1;48(4):e175-e181. doi: 10.3928/19382359-20190328-01.
Respiratory distress occurs in 5% to 7% of live births at term gestation. Most cases are mild and transient and can be attributed to transient tachypnea of the newborn or "wet lung." Severe respiratory distress is often due to nonpulmonary causes such as sepsis or congenital heart disease. Occasionally, term neonatal respiratory distress is associated with an inherited primary lung disease such as primary ciliary dyskinesia or surfactant metabolism defects. These lung diseases have characteristic presentations in the neonatal period and are important to recognize, as they necessitate different management approaches and have lifelong implications. Suspicion for these diseases should prompt referral to a pediatric pulmonologist. [Pediatr Ann. 2019;48(4):e175-e181.].
足月出生的活产儿中，5%至7%会出现呼吸窘迫。大多数病例症状轻微且为一过性，可归因于新生儿短暂性呼吸急促或“湿肺”。严重的呼吸窘迫通常由非肺部原因引起，如败血症或先天性心脏病。偶尔，足月新生儿呼吸窘迫与遗传性原发性肺病有关，如原发性纤毛运动障碍或表面活性剂代谢缺陷。这些肺部疾病在新生儿期有特征性表现，识别它们很重要，因为它们需要不同的管理方法且会产生终身影响。怀疑患有这些疾病时应转诊至儿科肺科医生处。[《儿科年鉴》。2019年；48(4):e175 - e181。]
