Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
Nutrients. 2019 Apr 2;11(4):768. doi: 10.3390/nu11040768.
Dietary carotenoids, plant pigments with anti-oxidant properties, accumulate in neural tissue and are often found in lower concentrations among individuals with obesity. Given previous evidence of negative associations between excess adiposity and memory, it is possible that greater carotenoid status may confer neuroprotective effects among persons with overweight or obesity. This study aimed to elucidate relationships between carotenoids assessed in diet, serum, and the macula (macular pigment optical density (MPOD)) and relational memory among adults who are overweight or obese. Adults aged 25-45 years ( = 94) completed a spatial reconstruction task. Task performance was evaluated for accuracy of item placement during reconstruction relative to the location of the item during the study phase. Dietary carotenoids were assessed using 7-day diet records. Serum carotenoids were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between carotenoids and task performance. Although initial correlations indicated that dietary lutein, beta-carotene, and serum beta-carotene were positively associated with memory performance, these relationships were not sustained following adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. Serum lutein remained positively associated with accuracy in object binding and inversely related to misplacement error after controlling for covariates. Macular carotenoids were not related to memory performance. Findings from this study indicate that among the carotenoids evaluated, lutein may play an important role in hippocampal function among adults who are overweight or obese.
膳食类胡萝卜素是具有抗氧化特性的植物色素，会在神经组织中积累，而且在肥胖人群中的浓度往往较低。鉴于超重和肥胖与记忆力下降之间存在负面关联的现有证据，体内类胡萝卜素水平较高可能会对超重或肥胖人群的神经起到保护作用。本研究旨在阐明膳食、血清和黄斑（黄斑色素光学密度（MPOD）中检测到的类胡萝卜素与超重或肥胖成年人的关系记忆之间的关系。94 名年龄在 25-45 岁之间的成年人完成了空间重建任务。根据重建过程中物品相对于学习阶段物品位置的放置准确性来评估任务表现。使用 7 天饮食记录评估膳食类胡萝卜素。使用高效液相色谱法测量血清类胡萝卜素。采用分层线性回归分析来确定类胡萝卜素与任务表现之间的关系。尽管初步相关性表明膳食叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素和血清β-胡萝卜素与记忆表现呈正相关，但在调整年龄、性别和 BMI 后，这些相关性并未持续存在。在控制了协变量后，血清叶黄素与物体结合的准确性呈正相关，与错位错误呈负相关。黄斑类胡萝卜素与记忆表现无关。本研究结果表明，在所评估的类胡萝卜素中，叶黄素可能在超重或肥胖成年人的海马功能中发挥重要作用。
