Rimoldi Simona, Gini Elisabetta, Iannini Federica, Gasco Laura, Terova Genciana
Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Torino, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2019 Apr 2;9(4):143. doi: 10.3390/ani9040143.
This study evaluated the effects of dietary insect meal from larvae on autochthonous gut microbiota of rainbow trout (). Three diets, with increasing levels of insect meal inclusion (10%, 20%, and 30%) and a control diet without insect meal were tested in a 12-week feeding trial. To analyze the resident intestinal microbial communities, the Illumina MiSeq platform for sequencing of 16S rRNA gene and QIIME pipeline were used. The number of reads taxonomically classified according to the Greengenes database was 1,514,155. Seventy-four Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) at 97% identity were identified. The core of adhered intestinal microbiota, i.e., OTUs present in at least 80% of mucosal samples and shared regardless of the diet, was constituted by three OTUs assigned to Propiobacterinae, Shewanella, and Mycoplasma genera, respectively. Fish fed the insect-based diets showed higher bacterial diversity with a reduction in Proteobacteria in comparison to fish fed the fishmeal diet. Insect-meal inclusion in the diet increased the gut abundance of Mycoplasma, which was attributed the ability to produce lactic and acetic acid as final products of its fermentation. We believe that the observed variations on the autochthonous intestinal microbiota composition of trout are principally due to the prebiotic properties of fermentable chitin.
本研究评估了幼虫制成的饲用昆虫粉对虹鳟鱼（）本地肠道微生物群的影响。在一项为期12周的饲养试验中，测试了三种日粮，其中昆虫粉的添加水平逐渐增加（10%、20%和30%），以及一种不含昆虫粉的对照日粮。为了分析肠道内的常驻微生物群落，使用了Illumina MiSeq平台对16S rRNA基因进行测序，并采用了QIIME流程。根据Greengenes数据库进行分类的读数数量为1,514,155。鉴定出74个相似度为97%的可操作分类单元（OTU）。附着在肠道上的微生物群核心，即至少80%的黏膜样本中都存在且与日粮无关的OTU，分别由归属于丙酸杆菌属、希瓦氏菌属和支原体属的三个OTU组成。与喂食鱼粉日粮的鱼相比，喂食含昆虫日粮的鱼表现出更高的细菌多样性，且变形菌门减少。日粮中添加昆虫粉增加了支原体在肠道中的丰度，这归因于其具有产生乳酸和乙酸作为发酵终产物的能力。我们认为，观察到的虹鳟鱼本地肠道微生物群组成的变化主要归因于可发酵几丁质的益生元特性。
