Centro de Ciências da Saúde/Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2019 Nov-Dec;38(8):739-745. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1592725. Epub 2019 Apr 16.
The aim was to verify the relations among intra-erythrocyte folate, serum vitamin B12, and hemoglobin concentrations in women of childbearing age and their association with several socioeconomic and demographic variables, nutritional status, and food consumption in the city of Recife, Northeastern Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study with a random sample of 1,210 women of childbearing age from the city of Recife. Concentrations of serum vitamin B12 and intra-erythrocyte folate were analyzed by immunoassay and hemoglobin concentrations by automated determination. A questionnaire was used to collect socioeconomic and demographic data of nutritional status and a food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate food consumption. Reductions in hemoglobin concentrations were found in 141 women (12.0%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 10.3-13.9), serum vitamin B12 in 81 women (7.0%; 95% CI, 5.7-8.6), and only 1 woman had a reduction in intra-erythrocyte folate concentrations. No women had a concomitant reduction of intra-erythrocyte folate, serum vitamin B12, and hemoglobin concentrations. However, 13 women (1.1%; 95% CI, 0.6-1.9) had a concomitant deficiency of hemoglobin and vitamin B12. Intra-erythrocyte folate concentrations were higher in women of a higher age and income. Hemoglobin concentrations were lower in smokers, and serum vitamin B12 concentrations did not show a significant variation in relation to socioeconomic, demographic, and anthropometric parameters. There was no strong correlation between food consumption and biochemical concentrations evaluated. Despite the strategies to eradicate anemia, this nutritional deficiency was dominant. Serum vitamin B12 deficiency outpacing intra-erythrocyte folate is worrying due to the lack of programs to fight against vitamin B12 insufficiency. Age and income were directly related to intra-erythrocyte folate concentrations. Food consumption suggests that there is a homeostatic control to maintain equilibrium at biochemical concentrations.
本研究旨在验证巴西累西腓市育龄妇女红细胞内叶酸、血清维生素 B12 和血红蛋白浓度之间的关系，并分析这些生化指标与社会经济和人口统计学变量、营养状况和食物摄入的相关性。这是一项横断面研究，随机抽取了累西腓市 1210 名育龄妇女作为研究对象。采用免疫分析法检测血清维生素 B12 和红细胞内叶酸浓度，采用自动化方法检测血红蛋白浓度。通过问卷调查收集社会经济和人口统计学数据、营养状况和食物频率问卷评估食物摄入情况。结果发现，141 名妇女（12.0%；95%置信区间 [CI]，10.3-13.9）血红蛋白浓度降低，81 名妇女（7.0%；95%CI，5.7-8.6）血清维生素 B12 浓度降低，仅有 1 名妇女红细胞内叶酸浓度降低。没有妇女同时出现红细胞内叶酸、血清维生素 B12 和血红蛋白浓度降低。然而，有 13 名妇女（1.1%；95%CI，0.6-1.9）同时存在血红蛋白和维生素 B12 缺乏。年龄和收入较高的妇女红细胞内叶酸浓度较高。吸烟者的血红蛋白浓度较低，而血清维生素 B12 浓度与社会经济、人口统计学和人体测量参数无关，没有显著变化。食物摄入与生化浓度之间没有很强的相关性。尽管采取了消除贫血的策略，但这种营养缺乏仍然很普遍。由于缺乏对抗维生素 B12 不足的项目，血清维生素 B12 缺乏超过红细胞内叶酸缺乏的情况令人担忧。年龄和收入与红细胞内叶酸浓度呈正相关。食物摄入表明，存在一种维持生化浓度平衡的体内平衡控制机制。
