de Macedo Tatiane Salgado Galvão, Mocellin Michel Carlos, Ribas Simone Augusta, Teixeira Michelle Teixeira, Pereira Alessandra da Silva, Palermo Gabriel Montalvão, Curioni Cintia Chaves
Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Department of Fundamental Nutrition, Nutrition School, Federal University of the State Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Syst Rev. 2025 May 16;14(1):111. doi: 10.1186/s13643-025-02861-9.
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of B-complex vitamin deficiencies in Brazilian women of childbearing age, pregnant women, and lactating women.
This systematic review analyzed cross-sectional and cohort studies published up to August 2023 and indexed in MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations. Additional data were obtained by contacting researchers from Brazilian public universities. Studies assessing deficiency rates using biochemical markers were included. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool.
Of the 3772 records identified, 13 studies were included. Only folate (n = 13), B12 (n = 11), and B6 (n = 1) deficiencies were investigated, and all studies were cross-sectional. B12 deficiency prevalence varied widely, reaching up to 29.4%. Folate deficiencies were generally low, with only one study reporting a rate as high as 37%. Other B-complex vitamins were insufficiently studied. Most studies had methodological limitations, particularly small sample sizes. The significant heterogeneity across studies limited the feasibility of a pooled quantitative meta-analysis.
There is a clear need for more robust studies across all Brazilian regions to improve understanding of vitamin deficiency rates and to support effective nutritional interventions.
PROSPERO CRD42020188474.
本研究旨在评估巴西育龄妇女、孕妇和哺乳期妇女中B族维生素缺乏的患病率。
本系统评价分析了截至2023年8月发表并被MEDLINE、SciELO、LILACS、Scopus、Embase、Web of Science以及巴西论文和学位论文数字图书馆收录的横断面研究和队列研究。通过联系巴西公立大学的研究人员获取了额外数据。纳入了使用生化标志物评估缺乏率的研究。两名评价员独立选择研究、提取数据，并使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所工具评估方法学质量。
在识别出的3772条记录中，纳入了13项研究。仅调查了叶酸（n = 13）、维生素B12（n = 11）和维生素B6（n = 1）缺乏情况，且所有研究均为横断面研究。维生素B12缺乏患病率差异很大，高达29.4%。叶酸缺乏情况总体较低，只有一项研究报告的缺乏率高达37%。其他B族维生素的研究不足。大多数研究存在方法学局限性，尤其是样本量小。各研究之间显著的异质性限制了进行汇总定量荟萃分析的可行性。
显然需要在巴西所有地区开展更有力的研究，以增进对维生素缺乏率的了解，并支持有效的营养干预措施。
PROSPERO CRD42020188474。
