Lebedeva Lidia, Groth Detlef, Hermanussen Michael, Scheffler Christiane, Godina Elena
Public Opinion Foundation, Moscow, Russia.
University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Bioinformatics Group, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
Anthropol Anz. 2019 Nov 8;76(5):371-377. doi: 10.1127/anthranz/2019/0984.
We investigated average body height in the central provinces of the Russian empire in the middle of XIX century in view of the concept of "community effects on height". We analyzed body height correlations between neighboring districts at this time. We added information about secular changes in body height during the 19 century of this territory. The study used height data of conscripts, which were born in the years 1853-1863, and age 21 at the time of measurement. The territory of seven provinces was considered as a network with 105 nodes, each node representing one district with information on average male body height. In order to define neighboring districts three different approaches were used: based on the "common borders" method, based on Euclidean distances (from 60 to 120 km), based on real road connections. Small but significant correlation coefficients were observed between 1 order districts in the network based on Euclidean distance of 100 km (r = 0.256, -value = 0.006) and based on "the common borders" approach (r = 0.25, -value = 0.02). Wherein no significant correlations were observed in the network based on road connections and between second order neighbors regardless of the method. Height correlation coefficients between 1st order neighboring districts observed in the Russian districts were very similar to values observed in the Polish study (r = 0.24). The considered Russian territory and the territory of Poland have a lot in common. They consist of both plains without mountains. In contradistinction to Poland the transport infrastructure in Russia was weakly developed in the middle of XIX century. In addition, the mobility of people was limited by serfdom. In this context the absent of significant correlation of second order neighbors can be explained by low population density and lack of migration and communication between the districts.
鉴于“社区对身高的影响”这一概念，我们研究了19世纪中叶俄罗斯帝国中部省份的平均身高。我们分析了当时相邻地区之间的身高相关性。我们补充了该地区19世纪身高长期变化的信息。该研究使用了1853年至1863年出生、测量时年龄为21岁的应征入伍者的身高数据。七个省份的区域被视为一个由105个节点组成的网络，每个节点代表一个具有平均男性身高信息的地区。为了定义相邻地区，我们使用了三种不同的方法：基于“共同边界”方法、基于欧几里得距离（60至120公里）、基于实际道路连接。在基于100公里欧几里得距离的网络中（r = 0.256，p值 = 0.006）以及基于“共同边界”方法的网络中（r = 0.25，p值 = 0.02），观察到一阶地区之间存在小但显著的相关系数。而在基于道路连接的网络中以及二阶邻居之间，无论采用何种方法均未观察到显著相关性。在俄罗斯地区观察到的一阶相邻地区之间的身高相关系数与波兰研究中观察到的值非常相似（r = 0.24）。所考虑的俄罗斯领土和波兰领土有很多共同之处。它们都由没有山脉的平原组成。与波兰不同的是，19世纪中叶俄罗斯的交通基础设施发展薄弱。此外，人们的流动性受到农奴制的限制。在这种情况下，二阶邻居之间缺乏显著相关性可以用低人口密度以及地区之间缺乏迁移和交流来解释。
