Strausbaugh L J, Bodem C R, Laun P R
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1986 Nov;30(5):701-4. doi: 10.1128/AAC.30.5.701.
This study examined the penetration of aztreonam into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain in noninfected rabbits and rabbits with experimental meningitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Animals received either 600 or 1,200 mg of aztreonam administered intravenously over 6 h. Aztreonam did not readily enter the CSF in the absence of meningitis. In noninfected animals, mean concentrations in the CSF ranged from 1.1 to 3.0 micrograms/ml with the 600-mg dose and from 2.3 to 4.7 micrograms/ml with the 1,200-mg dose. In contrast, mean concentrations of aztreonam in the CSF were significantly higher (P less than 0.01) at each sampling time in rabbits with experimental meningitis caused by P. aeruginosa. They ranged from 10.2 to 14.6 micrograms/ml with the 600-mg dose and from 29 to 40 micrograms/ml with the 1,200-mg dose. Although concentrations in the brain measured at 6 h tended to be higher in infected rabbits, this difference was not statistically significant. Aztreonam therapy produced a substantial decline in CSF bacterium counts over 6 h: mean CSF counts decreased 2.4 log10 CFU/ml in the 600-mg dose group and 3.0 log10 CFU/ml in the 1,200-mg dose group. The results of this study suggest that aztreonam may be useful in the therapy of meningitis caused by P. aeruginosa.
本研究检测了氨曲南在未感染的家兔以及由铜绿假单胞菌引起的实验性脑膜炎家兔的脑脊液（CSF）和脑组织中的渗透情况。动物静脉注射给予600或1200mg氨曲南，持续6小时。在没有脑膜炎的情况下，氨曲南不易进入脑脊液。在未感染的动物中，600mg剂量组脑脊液中的平均浓度范围为1.1至3.0μg/ml，1200mg剂量组为2.3至4.7μg/ml。相比之下，在由铜绿假单胞菌引起的实验性脑膜炎家兔中，每个采样时间点氨曲南在脑脊液中的平均浓度显著更高（P<0.01）。600mg剂量组的浓度范围为10.2至14.6μg/ml，1200mg剂量组为29至40μg/ml。虽然在感染家兔中6小时时测得的脑组织浓度往往更高，但这种差异无统计学意义。氨曲南治疗在6小时内使脑脊液细菌计数大幅下降：600mg剂量组脑脊液平均计数下降2.4 log10 CFU/ml，1200mg剂量组下降3.0 log10 CFU/ml。本研究结果表明，氨曲南可能对治疗由铜绿假单胞菌引起的脑膜炎有用。
