Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Nutr Diet. 2019 Jul;76(3):277-283. doi: 10.1111/1747-0080.12541. Epub 2019 Apr 17.
To investigate whether geographical location or type of store is associated with differences in healthy and unhealthy food availability in grocery stores.
A cross-sectional study using the Victorian Healthy Food Basket to measure food availability (44 'healthy' and 10 'unhealthy' items) in a convenience sample of 112 stores in urban and regional Victoria, Australia. Logistic regression analyses assessed whether location (regional, urban), distance from capital city central business district (km) and type of store (chain supermarket, independent supermarket and general store) predicted the number of missing healthy and unhealthy food items.
There were 54 chain supermarkets, 43 independent supermarkets and 15 general stores, with 56% of stores located in urban areas and 44% located regionally. The strongest significant predictor of missing items was being a general store, which had greater odds (odds ratio (OR) = 136, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 13-1399) of having missing 'healthy' items and missing 'unhealthy' items (OR = 63, 95% CI = 7-575), compared with chain supermarkets. Independent supermarkets had increased odds of having missing 'healthy' items (OR = 7, 95% CI = 2-22) compared with chain supermarkets. Regional store location was a significant predictor of missing 'healthy' and 'unhealthy' items, compared with urban location (OR = 6, 95% CI = 2-25) and (OR = 7, 95% CI = 2-29), respectively.
Store type was a stronger predictor of stores having missing 'healthy' and 'unhealthy' food items than the store distance from a large urban centre. General stores and independent supermarkets may be important settings for interventions to improve availability of healthy food.
调查地理位置或商店类型是否与杂货店中健康和不健康食品供应的差异有关。
这是一项横断面研究，使用维多利亚健康食品篮（ Victorian Healthy Food Basket）来衡量澳大利亚维多利亚州城市和地区的便利样本中 112 家商店的食物供应情况（44 种“健康”和 10 种“不健康”物品）。逻辑回归分析评估了位置（区域、城市）、距离首府中央商务区的距离（公里）和商店类型（连锁超市、独立超市和杂货店）是否预测了健康和不健康食品的缺失数量。
有 54 家连锁超市、43 家独立超市和 15 家杂货店，56%的商店位于城市地区，44%位于区域。缺失物品的最强显著预测因素是杂货店，其缺失“健康”物品和缺失“不健康”物品的可能性更大（优势比（OR）=136，95%置信区间（CI）=13-1399），与连锁超市相比。独立超市有更高的可能性出现缺失“健康”物品（OR=7，95%CI=2-22）与连锁超市相比。与城市相比，区域商店位置是缺失“健康”和“不健康”物品的重要预测因素（OR=6，95%CI=2-25）和（OR=7，95%CI=2-29）。
与商店距离大城市中心的距离相比，商店类型是预测商店缺少“健康”和“不健康”食品的更强指标。杂货店和独立超市可能是改善健康食品供应的干预措施的重要场所。
