Sorrenti Valeria, Randazzo Cinzia Lucia, Caggia Cinzia, Ballistreri Gabriele, Romeo Flora Valeria, Fabroni Simona, Timpanaro Nicolina, Raffaele Marco, Vanella Luca
Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Sezione di Biochimica, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.
Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente - Di3A, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.
Front Microbiol. 2019 Apr 3;10:660. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00660. eCollection 2019.
The beneficial effects of pomegranate are due to the ellagitannins and anthocyanins content, which are protective toward a wide variety of diseases including inflammatory diseases. Many investigators have reported that pomegranate waste (peel and seeds) extracts, made from waste product of industrial processing, show free radical scavenger and a potent antioxidant capacity. Pomegranate extracts (PEs) were also reported to possess noteworty antibacterial, antiviral, hypolipidemic, and anti-inflammatory bioactivities thanks to the polyphenolic compounds content, which includes punicalagins, gallic acid, and ellagic acid derivatives. The focus of the present manuscript was to study the prebiotic potentiality of a PE, soluble in water, and characterized through HPLC-PDA-ESI/MS for its phenolic content. Moreover, since it has been reported that pomegranate extracts decreased the level of lipids in the blood and that a number of probiotic strains have been shown to affect adipogenesis in cell culture, this study was also performed to test the effects of PE and probiotic GG ATCC 53103 strain (LGG) on 3T3-L1 cell line. PE and probiotics substantially reduced the triglyceride content and intracellular lipid increase, compared to the control group. However, the combination treatment of PE and LGG filtered spent broth (SB) was the most effective in reducing triglyceride content and intracellular lipid accumulation. The mRNA expression levels of the main transcriptional factors implicated in adipocyte differentiation were substantially lower in 3T3-L1 cells treated with PE and LGG filtered SB. These results evidenced that a synergistic effect of probiotics and polyphenols contained in PE may affect adipogenesis and may contribute in development of new nutraceutical/probiotic-based remedies to prevent and to treat obesity.
石榴的有益作用归因于鞣花单宁和花青素的含量，它们对包括炎症性疾病在内的多种疾病具有保护作用。许多研究人员报告称，由工业加工废料制成的石榴废料（果皮和种子）提取物具有自由基清除能力和强大的抗氧化能力。据报道，由于含有多种多酚类化合物，包括石榴皮素、没食子酸和鞣花酸衍生物，石榴提取物（PEs）还具有显著的抗菌、抗病毒、降血脂和抗炎生物活性。本论文的重点是研究一种水溶性PE的益生元潜力，并通过HPLC-PDA-ESI/MS对其酚类成分进行表征。此外，由于已有报道称石榴提取物可降低血液中的脂质水平，并且许多益生菌菌株已被证明会影响细胞培养中的脂肪生成，因此本研究还测试了PE和益生菌GG ATCC 53103菌株（LGG）对3T3-L1细胞系的影响。与对照组相比，PE和益生菌显著降低了甘油三酯含量和细胞内脂质增加。然而，PE和LGG过滤后的发酵液（SB）联合处理在降低甘油三酯含量和细胞内脂质积累方面最为有效。在用PE和LGG过滤后的SB处理的3T3-L1细胞中，参与脂肪细胞分化的主要转录因子的mRNA表达水平显著降低。这些结果表明，PE中含有的益生菌和多酚的协同作用可能会影响脂肪生成，并可能有助于开发新的基于营养保健品/益生菌的疗法来预防和治疗肥胖症。
