职业足球运动员的工作记忆训练：一项小规模描述性可行性研究——人格、心理健康和动机因素的重要性
Working Memory Training in Professional Football Players: A Small-Scale Descriptive Feasibility Study-The Importance of Personality, Psychological Well-Being, and Motivational Factors.
作者信息
In de Braek Dymphie, Deckers Kay, Kleinhesselink Timo, Banning Leonie, Ponds Rudolf
机构信息
Department of Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Sports (Basel). 2019 Apr 18;7(4):89. doi: 10.3390/sports7040089.
BACKGROUND
Working memory training (WMT) programs can improve working memory (WM). In football players, this could lead to improved performance on the pitch.
METHOD
Eighteen professional football players of Maatschappelijke Voetbal Vereniging Maastricht (MVV) participated and followed an online, computerized WMT program. Neuropsychological performance, psychological wellbeing, self-efficacy, and football skills (Loughborough Soccer Passing Test; LSPT) were assessed at three time points, before and after WMT and at three-month follow-up. Descriptive data are reported.
RESULTS
Baseline characteristics were roughly similar for both groups. Participants performed better on the trained WM tasks, but performance for other neuropsychological test measures or the LSPT did not change. Low compliance rates were observed, showing differences in personality and well-being between compliers and non-compliers.
CONCLUSIONS
WMT is not a feasible and effective strategy to improve non-trained cognitive measures and football performance. However, this study indicates that it is important to take individual characteristics into account.
背景
工作记忆训练（WMT）项目可以改善工作记忆（WM）。对于足球运动员而言，这可能会提高他们在球场上的表现。
方法
马斯特里赫特足球俱乐部（MVV）的18名职业足球运动员参与并遵循了一个在线计算机化WMT项目。在WMT之前、之后以及三个月随访时的三个时间点评估神经心理表现、心理健康、自我效能感和足球技能（拉夫堡足球传球测试；LSPT）。报告描述性数据。
结果
两组的基线特征大致相似。参与者在经过训练的WM任务上表现更好，但在其他神经心理测试指标或LSPT上的表现没有变化。观察到依从率较低，显示出依从者和不依从者在个性和幸福感方面存在差异。
结论
WMT不是改善未训练的认知指标和足球表现的可行且有效策略。然而，本研究表明考虑个体特征很重要。
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