Elsadek Mohamed A, Yousef Eltohamy A A
Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
Plants (Basel). 2019 Apr 18;8(4):104. doi: 10.3390/plants8040104.
The impact of plant-derived smoke as a promoter of seed germination in many crops is well documented. However, very little is known about (1) the appropriate plant species for smoke-water preparation, (2) the effect of smoke-water on the germination and the post-germination parameters in non-fire-prone environments, and (3) the relative importance of dark and light conditions and their possible effects. To fill these gaps in knowledge, we conducted field experiments to evaluate the effect of smoke-water produced from five plant species-white willow, sage, rice straw, rosemary, and lemon eucalyptus-on the germination and seedling growth of cucumber, tomato, scotch marigold, and gladiolus. The seeds and cormels were soaked in smoke-water under light or dark conditions. The results revealed that the smoke-water treatments derived from white willow and lemon eucalyptus enhanced germination, post-germination parameters, and macro element content whilst also contributing to dormancy-breaking. In addition, these smoke-water treatments significantly reduced abscisic acid content and increased α-amylase activity under light conditions; however, the stimulating effects were absent under dark conditions. In conclusion, we provide new evidence that germination and seedling growth in non-fire-prone environments can be enhanced by plant-derived smoke, and that stimulating impacts depend on the plant species used to prepare the smoke-water.
植物源烟雾作为许多作物种子萌发促进剂的影响已有充分记录。然而，关于以下几点人们却知之甚少：（1）制备烟雾水的合适植物种类；（2）在不易发生火灾的环境中，烟雾水对种子萌发和萌发后参数的影响；（3）黑暗和光照条件的相对重要性及其可能产生的影响。为填补这些知识空白，我们进行了田间试验，以评估由五种植物——白柳树、鼠尾草、稻草、迷迭香和柠檬桉——产生的烟雾水对黄瓜、番茄、苏格兰金盏花和唐菖蒲种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。将种子和球茎在光照或黑暗条件下浸泡在烟雾水中。结果表明，源自白柳树和柠檬桉的烟雾水处理提高了种子萌发率、萌发后参数和宏量元素含量，同时也有助于打破休眠。此外，这些烟雾水处理在光照条件下显著降低了脱落酸含量并提高了α-淀粉酶活性；然而，在黑暗条件下则没有这种刺激作用。总之，我们提供了新的证据，表明在不易发生火灾的环境中，植物源烟雾可以促进种子萌发和幼苗生长，且刺激作用取决于用于制备烟雾水的植物种类。
