习惯性喝咖啡与 2 个欧洲老年人群体跌倒风险的关系。
Habitual coffee consumption and risk of falls in 2 European cohorts of older adults.
机构信息
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), and CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain.
IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 May 1;109(5):1431-1438. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy369.
BACKGROUND
Habitual coffee consumption has been associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and sarcopenia, which are strong risk factors of falls. In addition, caffeine intake stimulates attention and vigilance, and reduces reaction time. Therefore, a protective effect of coffee on the risk of falling can be hypothesized.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to examine the association between habitual coffee consumption and the risk of ≥1 falls, injurious falls, and falls with fracture in older people.
METHODS
Data were taken from 2964 participants aged ≥60 y from the Seniors-ENRICA (Study on Nutrition and Cardiovascular Risk in Spain) cohort and 8999 participants aged ≥60 y from the UK Biobank cohort. In the Seniors-ENRICA study, habitual coffee consumption was assessed with a validated diet history in 2008-2010, and falls were ascertained up to 2015. In the UK Biobank study, coffee was measured with 3-5 multiple-pass 24-h food records starting in 2006, and falls were assessed up to 2016.
RESULTS
A total of 793 individuals in Seniors-ENRICA and 199 in UK Biobank experienced ≥1 fall during follow-up. After multivariable adjustment for major lifestyle and dietary risk factors and compared with daily consumption of <1 cup of coffee, the pooled HR for ≥1 fall was 0.75 (95% CI: 0.52, 1.07) for total coffee consumption of 1 cup/d and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.62, 0.90) for ≥2 cups/d (P-trend = 0.001). The corresponding figures for caffeinated coffee were 0.67 (95% CI: 0.42, 1.07) and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.87) (P-trend < 0.001). Decaffeinated coffee was not associated with risk of falling in the analyzed cohorts. In Seniors-ENRICA, there was a tendency to lower risk of injurious falls among those consuming caffeinated coffee (HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.68, 1.00 for 1 cup/d; HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.64, 1.09 for ≥2 cups/d; P-trend = 0.09). No association was observed between caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee consumption and risk of falls with fracture.
CONCLUSIONS
Habitual coffee consumption was associated with lower risk of falling in older adults in Spain and the United Kingdom.
背景
习惯性喝咖啡与 2 型糖尿病、心血管疾病和肌肉减少症的风险降低有关，而这些都是跌倒的强烈危险因素。此外，咖啡因摄入可提高注意力和警觉性，缩短反应时间。因此，可以假设咖啡对跌倒风险有保护作用。
目的
本研究旨在探讨习惯性咖啡消费与老年人≥1 次跌倒、受伤性跌倒和伴有骨折的跌倒风险之间的关系。
方法
数据来自西班牙营养与心血管风险研究（Seniors-ENRICA）队列的 2964 名≥60 岁的参与者和英国生物库（UK Biobank）队列的 8999 名≥60 岁的参与者。在 Seniors-ENRICA 研究中，2008-2010 年通过验证过的饮食史评估习惯性咖啡消费，随访至 2015 年。在 UK Biobank 研究中，咖啡使用 2006 年开始的 3-5 次多通道 24 小时食物记录进行测量，随访至 2016 年。
结果
在 Seniors-ENRICA 中有 793 人，在 UK Biobank 中有 199 人在随访期间发生了≥1 次跌倒。经过主要生活方式和饮食危险因素的多变量调整后，与每天<1 杯咖啡相比，总咖啡摄入量为 1 杯/天的 HR 为 0.75（95%CI：0.52，1.07），≥2 杯/天的 HR 为 0.74（95%CI：0.62，0.90）（P 趋势=0.001）。含咖啡因咖啡的相应数字为 0.67（95%CI：0.42，1.07）和 0.70（95%CI：0.56，0.87）（P 趋势<0.001）。未发现分析队列中脱咖啡因咖啡与跌倒风险相关。在 Seniors-ENRICA 中，饮用含咖啡因咖啡的人受伤性跌倒的风险有降低的趋势（HR：0.83；95%CI：0.68，1.00 为 1 杯/天；HR：0.83；95%CI：0.64，1.09 为≥2 杯/天；P 趋势=0.09）。未观察到含咖啡因或脱咖啡因咖啡消费与骨折相关的跌倒风险之间存在关联。
结论
习惯性咖啡消费与西班牙和英国老年人跌倒风险降低有关。
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