Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz) CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain.
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Oviedo / ISPA, Spain.
Clin Nutr. 2020 Oct;39(10):3140-3146. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.01.025. Epub 2020 Feb 5.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Some previous evidence have linked dairy products with greater muscle mass, bone mineral density and lower risk of osteoporosis. However, there is also evidence of a detrimental effect of milk on the risk of hip fracture. The aim of this study was to assess the prospective association between dairy consumption and risk of falls in older adults.
We used data from 2 cohorts of community-dwellers aged ≥60y: the Seniors-ENRICA cohort with 2981 individuals, and the UK Biobank cohort with 8927 participants. In the Seniors-ENRICA, dairy consumption was assessed with a validated diet history in 2008-10, and falls were ascertained up to 2015. In the UK Biobank study, dairy consumption was obtained with 3-5 multiple-pass 24-h food records in 2006-10, and falls were assessed up to 2016.
A total of 801 individuals in the Seniors-ENRICA and 201 in the UK Biobank experienced ≥1 fall. After adjustment for potential confounders, dairy products were not associated with risk of falls in the Seniors-ENRICA [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) per 1-serving increment in total dairy consumption: 1.02 (0.93-1.11), milk: 0.93 (0.85-1.01), yogurt: 1.05 (0.96-1.15), and cheese: 0.96 (0.88-1.05)]. Corresponding figures in the UK Biobank were: total dairy: 1.19 (1.00-1.41), milk: 1.53 (1.13-2.08), yogurt: 1.10 (0.90-1.31), and cheese: 1.02 (0.87-1.22).
These results suggest a null association between habitual dairy consumption and the risk of falling in older adults. Whether milk consumption may increase the risk of falls, as observed in the UK Biobank cohort, merits further study.
一些先前的证据表明，乳制品与更大的肌肉质量、骨密度和骨质疏松症风险降低有关。然而，也有证据表明牛奶会对髋部骨折风险产生不利影响。本研究旨在评估老年人中乳制品消费与跌倒风险之间的前瞻性关联。
我们使用了两个社区居住的老年人队列的数据：Seniors-ENRICA 队列，其中有 2981 人；英国生物库队列，其中有 8927 人。在 Seniors-ENRICA 中，乳制品的摄入量通过 2008-10 年的验证饮食史进行评估，跌倒情况直至 2015 年进行确认。在英国生物库研究中，乳制品的摄入量通过 2006-10 年的 3-5 次多阶段 24 小时食物记录获得，跌倒情况直至 2016 年进行评估。
在 Seniors-ENRICA 中，共有 801 人发生了≥1 次跌倒，在 UK Biobank 中，有 201 人发生了≥1 次跌倒。在调整了潜在混杂因素后，乳制品与 Seniors-ENRICA 队列中的跌倒风险无关（总乳制品摄入量每增加 1 份的风险比（95%置信区间）：1.02（0.93-1.11），牛奶：0.93（0.85-1.01），酸奶：1.05（0.96-1.15），奶酪：0.96（0.88-1.05））。英国生物库中的相应数据为：总乳制品：1.19（1.00-1.41），牛奶：1.53（1.13-2.08），酸奶：1.10（0.90-1.31），奶酪：1.02（0.87-1.22）。
这些结果表明，在老年人中，习惯性乳制品消费与跌倒风险之间不存在关联。在英国生物库队列中观察到的牛奶摄入可能增加跌倒风险的情况，值得进一步研究。
