Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
Human Development & Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
Br J Nutr. 2019 Jul 14;122(1):86-92. doi: 10.1017/S0007114519000874. Epub 2019 Jun 20.
Intake of the plant-derived n-3 fatty acid α-linolenic acid (ALA) has been associated with anti-atherosclerotic properties. However, information on the association between ALA intake and development of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is lacking. In this follow-up study, we investigated the association between dietary intake of ALA and the rate of PAD among middle-aged Danish men and women enrolled into the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort between 1993 and 1997. Incident PAD cases were identified through the Danish National Patient Register. Intake of ALA was assessed using a validated FFQ. Statistical analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazard regression allowing for separate baseline hazards among sexes and adjusted for established risk factors for PAD. During a median of 13·6 years of follow-up, we identified 950 valid cases of PAD with complete information on covariates. The median energy-adjusted ALA intake within the cohort was 1·76 g/d (95 % central range: 0·94-3·28). In multivariable analyses, we found no statistically significant association between intake of ALA and the rate of PAD (P = 0·339). Also, no statistically significant associations were observed in analyses including additional adjustment for co-morbidities and in sex-specific analyses. In supplemental analyses with additional adjustment for potential dietary risk factors, we found a weak inverse association of PAD with ALA intake above the median, but the association was not statistically significant (P = 0·314). In conclusion, dietary intake of ALA was not consistently associated with decreased risk of PAD.
植物源性 n-3 脂肪酸 α-亚麻酸（ALA）的摄入与抗动脉粥样硬化特性有关。然而，关于 ALA 摄入与外周动脉疾病（PAD）发展之间的关系的信息尚缺乏。在这项随访研究中，我们调查了丹麦中年男女的饮食中 ALA 摄入与 PAD 发生率之间的关系，这些人于 1993 年至 1997 年期间参加了丹麦饮食、癌症和健康队列。通过丹麦国家患者登记处确定 PAD 病例。通过验证的 FFQ 评估 ALA 的摄入量。使用 Cox 比例风险回归进行统计分析，允许在性别之间单独进行基线风险，并调整了 PAD 的既定危险因素。在中位数为 13.6 年的随访期间，我们确定了 950 例具有完整协变量信息的有效 PAD 病例。队列中经能量调整的 ALA 摄入量中位数为 1.76 g/d（95%中心范围：0.94-3.28）。在多变量分析中，我们发现 ALA 摄入量与 PAD 发生率之间没有统计学上显著的关联（P = 0.339）。此外，在包括共病和性别特异性分析的额外调整分析中，也未观察到统计学上显著的关联。在补充分析中，我们对潜在的饮食危险因素进行了额外调整，发现 PAD 与 ALA 摄入量高于中位数呈弱负相关，但无统计学意义（P = 0.314）。总之，饮食中 ALA 的摄入与 PAD 风险的降低没有一致的相关性。
