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大鼠在电磁场（EMF）作用下的被动眼球运动。

Passive eye movements induced by electromagnetic force (EMF) in rats.

机构信息

Departments of Otolaryngology and Communicative Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson MS 39216, USA.

Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan Shanxi 030001, China.

出版信息

Zool Res. 2019 May 18;40(3):211-218. doi: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2019.024.

DOI:10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2019.024
PMID:31006766
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6591162/
Abstract

Accurate information on eye position in the orbit is available from visual feedback, efference copy of the oculomotor commands and proprioceptive signals from the extraocular muscles (EOM). Whereas visual feedback and oculomotor commands have been extensively studied, central processing of EOM proprioceptive signals remains to be elucidated. A challenge to the field is to develop an approach to induce passive eye movements without physically contacting the eyes. A novel method was developed to generate passive eye movements in rats. A small rare-earth magnet disk (0.7 mm diameter, 0.5 mm thickness) was attached to the surface of a rat's eyeball. A metal rod (5 mm diameter) wrapped with an electromagnetic (EM) coil was placed near the magnet (8-15 mm). By passing currents to the EM coil, electromagnetic force (EMF) was generated and acted upon the magnet and induced passive eye movements. The EMF induced well-defined passive eye movements, whose directions were dependent on current polarity and amplitudes and peak velocities were dependent on current intensity and duration. Peak velocities of the EMF-induced eye movements were linearly related to amplitudes, exhibiting main sequence relationships similar to that of saccades in awake rats and eye movements induced by electrical microstimulation of the abducens nucleus in anesthetized rats. Histological examination showed that repetitive EMF stimulations did not appear to result in damages in the EOM fibers. These results validated the EMF approach as a novel tool to investigate EOM proprioceptive signals and their roles in visual localization and gaze control.

摘要

眼球在眼眶中的准确位置信息可通过视觉反馈、眼球运动指令的传出副本以及眼外肌（EOM）的本体感觉信号获得。虽然视觉反馈和眼球运动指令已经得到了广泛的研究，但 EOM 本体感觉信号的中枢处理仍有待阐明。该领域的一个挑战是开发一种无需物理接触眼睛即可产生被动眼球运动的方法。一种新的方法已被开发用于在大鼠中产生被动眼球运动。将一个小的稀土磁光盘（直径 0.7 毫米，厚度 0.5 毫米）附着在大鼠眼球的表面。将一根包裹着电磁（EM）线圈的金属棒放置在磁铁附近（8-15 毫米）。通过向 EM 线圈通电流，会产生电磁力（EMF），并作用于磁铁，从而诱导被动眼球运动。EMF 诱导出明确的被动眼球运动，其方向取决于电流极性和幅度，而峰值速度取决于电流强度和持续时间。EMF 诱导的眼球运动的峰值速度与幅度呈线性关系，表现出与清醒大鼠扫视运动和麻醉大鼠外展核电刺激诱导的眼球运动相似的主要序列关系。组织学检查显示，重复的 EMF 刺激似乎不会导致 EOM 纤维损伤。这些结果验证了 EMF 方法作为一种新工具，可用于研究 EOM 本体感觉信号及其在视觉定位和凝视控制中的作用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/125a/6591162/684d30aae171/ZoolRes-40-3-211-g008.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/125a/6591162/d7200cceeec9/ZoolRes-40-3-211-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/125a/6591162/5b82a717bf73/ZoolRes-40-3-211-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/125a/6591162/684d30aae171/ZoolRes-40-3-211-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/125a/6591162/c995e8f715cc/ZoolRes-40-3-211-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/125a/6591162/b63e1a5c7828/ZoolRes-40-3-211-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/125a/6591162/daaf5450b346/ZoolRes-40-3-211-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/125a/6591162/c386bf5a098b/ZoolRes-40-3-211-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/125a/6591162/0e2658ff555d/ZoolRes-40-3-211-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/125a/6591162/d7200cceeec9/ZoolRes-40-3-211-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/125a/6591162/5b82a717bf73/ZoolRes-40-3-211-g007.jpg
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本文引用的文献

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Corollary Discharge and Oculomotor Proprioception: Cortical Mechanisms for Spatially Accurate Vision.副放电和眼球运动本体感觉：空间准确视觉的皮层机制。
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