De Laurentiis Valeria, Secchi Michela, Bos Ulrike, Horn Rafael, Laurent Alexis, Sala Serenella
European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, I-21027, Ispra VA, Italy.
University of Stuttgart, Insitute for Acoustics and Building Physics, Department Life Cycle Engineering, Wankelstrasse 5, D-70563, Stuttgart, Germany.
J Clean Prod. 2019 Apr 1;215:63-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.238.
Impacts associated with land use are increasingly recognized as important aspects to consider when conducting Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Across the existing models accounting for land use activities in life cycle impact assessment, a balance is yet to be found between complexity and comprehensiveness on one hand, and applicability on the other hand. This work builds on the LANd use indicator value CAlculation (LANCA) model, assessing the impacts of land use activities on five soil properties, and aims at developing an aggregated index to improve its applicability. First a statistical analysis is conducted, leading to the shortlisting of the four most significant soil quality indicators. Then two options for aggregating the selected indicators are presented: the soil quality index (SQI), based on linear aggregation, and the normalisation-based soil quality index (NSQI), where the aggregation process involves normalisation integrated into the characterisation step. Country-specific and global average characterisation factors (CFs) are calculated for 57 land use types considering both land occupation and land transformation interventions with the two suggested approaches. The two indices present similar ranking of land use types but the relative contribution of the separate indicators to the aggregated index varies according to the approach adopted. The differences between the aggregation approaches suggested are discussed, together with the limitations related to both the LANCA model and the aggregation approaches. This work represents a first step towards the widespread application of a comprehensive and robust land use model at midpoint level in LCA. Finally, a number of recommendations for the future development of the LANCA model and of the related soil quality models are provided.
与土地利用相关的影响日益被视为生命周期评估（LCA）中需要考虑的重要方面。在现有的生命周期影响评估中考虑土地利用活动的模型中，一方面在复杂性和全面性与另一方面的适用性之间尚未找到平衡。这项工作基于土地利用指标值计算（LANCA）模型，评估土地利用活动对五种土壤性质的影响，旨在开发一个综合指数以提高其适用性。首先进行统计分析，从而筛选出四个最重要的土壤质量指标。然后提出了两种汇总选定指标的方法：基于线性汇总的土壤质量指数（SQI）和基于归一化的土壤质量指数（NSQI），其中汇总过程涉及在特征化步骤中整合归一化。考虑到土地占用和土地转化干预，用这两种建议方法为57种土地利用类型计算了特定国家和全球平均特征化因子（CFs）。这两个指数对土地利用类型的排名相似，但各个指标对综合指数的相对贡献因采用的方法而异。讨论了所建议的汇总方法之间的差异，以及与LANCA模型和汇总方法相关的局限性。这项工作是朝着在LCA中点水平广泛应用全面且稳健的土地利用模型迈出的第一步。最后，为LANCA模型和相关土壤质量模型的未来发展提供了一些建议。
