Khadija Chaanoun, Nahid Zaghba, Hanane Benjelloun, Nabiha Yassine
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Rochd de Casablanca, Maroc.
Pan Afr Med J. 2018 Oct 2;31:75. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2018.31.75.15737. eCollection 2018.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is defined as the presence of air in the mediastinum in the absence of traumatic or iatrogenic cause. Diagnosis is based on chest X-ray. Other paraclinical examinations, such as chest tomodensitometry or bronchial or gastrointestinal endoscopy, are sometimes necessary. Outcome is most often favorable. We report 18 cases of spontaneous pneumomediastinum whose data were collected in the Department of Respiratory Diseases at the Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca between 2006 and 2017. The study involved 13 men and 5 women, with an average age of 24 years. Clinical symptomatology was dominated by retrosternal chest pain. The circumstances of onset of pneumomediastinum were coughing spell in seven cases, asthma crisis in five cases, hookah consumption and iterative vomiting in two cases, childbirth and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of bacterial origin in one case. Outcome was favorable in all cases, with spontaneous resorption of the pneumomediastinum. No recurrence occurred after a minimum follow-up period of 3 years.
自发性纵隔气肿定义为在无创伤性或医源性原因的情况下纵隔内存在气体。诊断基于胸部X线检查。有时需要进行其他辅助检查，如胸部计算机断层扫描或支气管或胃肠道内镜检查。预后大多良好。我们报告了18例自发性纵隔气肿病例，其数据于2006年至2017年在卡萨布兰卡伊本·罗什德大学医院呼吸科收集。该研究涉及13名男性和5名女性，平均年龄为24岁。临床症状以胸骨后胸痛为主。纵隔气肿的发病情况为：7例因咳嗽发作，5例因哮喘发作，2例因吸食水烟和反复呕吐，1例因分娩和细菌性慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）加重。所有病例预后良好，纵隔气肿均自发吸收。在至少3年的随访期后未发生复发。
