Freixinet Jorge, García Francisca, Rodríguez Pedro M, Santana Noberto B, Quintero César O, Hussein Mohammed
Thoracic Surgery Service, University Hospital Dr. Negrín, Barranco de la Ballena s/n, 35020 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain.
Respir Med. 2005 Sep;99(9):1160-3. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2005.02.025. Epub 2005 Apr 1.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SP) is a rare disorder.
The objective of this study is to examine a series of patients treated during 19 years, analyzing risk, clinical, and diagnostic factors as well as treatment and long-term follow-up.
A descriptive, retrospective study was done from 1984 to 2003 on 32 patients admitted to the hospital with SP.
The average age was 21.4+/-6.1 years, 24 (75%) males. 34.4% had developed some strain before arriving at the hospital. Nine of the cases were asthmatic (28.1%) and another nine were smokers (28.1%). The most frequent complaint was thoracic pain, 25 (78.1%). In the physical examination, subcutaneous cervical emphysema was observed in 25 patients (78.1%). A simple X-ray of the thorax was used in the diagnosis of 32 cases. In two patients, radiological signs of pneumothorax were discovered. An esophagogram was done on two patients but there were no significant findings. All of the cases were treated conservatively. The average hospital stay was 3.2+/-1.6 days. No relapses were noted in the follow-ups.
SP is an entity that evolves correctly without treatment and has no long-term relapses. Once other occasionally associated entities are ruled out, outpatient management can be employed.
自发性纵隔气肿（SP）是一种罕见的病症。
本研究的目的是检查19年间治疗的一系列患者，分析风险、临床和诊断因素以及治疗和长期随访情况。
对1984年至2003年期间因SP入院的32例患者进行了描述性回顾性研究。
平均年龄为21.4±6.1岁，男性24例（75%）。34.4%的患者在入院前有过某种用力情况。其中9例为哮喘患者（28.1%），另有9例为吸烟者（28.1%）。最常见的症状是胸痛，共25例（78.1%）。体格检查中，25例患者（78.1%）观察到颈部皮下气肿。32例患者均通过胸部X线平片进行诊断。2例患者发现气胸的影像学征象。2例患者进行了食管造影，但未发现明显异常。所有病例均采用保守治疗。平均住院天数为3.2±1.6天。随访期间未发现复发情况。
SP是一种无需治疗即可正常转归且无长期复发的病症。一旦排除其他偶尔相关的病症，可采用门诊治疗。
