Cudo Andrzej, Zabielska-Mendyk Emilia
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II.
Psychiatr Pol. 2019 Feb 28;53(1):61-79. doi: 10.12740/PP/82194.
The Internet, being generally available, is used by all age groups for professional purposes and also as a form of education and entertainment. It is, however, possible to use the Internet excessively, resulting in an addiction. Internet addiction can be classified as one of the so-called 'behavioral addictions', and until recently it has rarely been addressed in scientific publications. It is therefore important to differentiate between normal and pathological Internet use. This paper presents data on the incidence of Internet addiction and reviews the relevant theoretical models. It also discusses the identification of Internet addiction based on diagnostic criteria suggested by the scientific community. The focus of the article is on executive functioning in this type of addiction. Until recently researchers have put it in the context of a personal, social or emotional area, yet it would seem that cognitive functions play a significant role in explaining the development of addiction, with cognitive control and executive functions being particularly important. In addition, knowledge of these mechanisms can contribute to the development of more adequate forms of prevention and treatment.
互联网普遍可用，所有年龄组的人都将其用于专业目的，也作为一种教育和娱乐形式。然而，过度使用互联网是有可能的，从而导致成瘾。网络成瘾可被归类为所谓的“行为成瘾”之一，直到最近它在科学出版物中很少被提及。因此，区分正常和病理性的互联网使用很重要。本文呈现了网络成瘾发生率的数据，并回顾了相关的理论模型。它还讨论了基于科学界建议的诊断标准对网络成瘾的识别。文章的重点是这种成瘾类型中的执行功能。直到最近研究人员都将其置于个人、社会或情感领域的背景下，但认知功能似乎在解释成瘾的发展中起着重要作用，认知控制和执行功能尤为重要。此外，了解这些机制有助于开发更合适的预防和治疗形式。
