School of Journalism, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
College of Media and Arts, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Jan 18;12:1332030. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1332030. eCollection 2024.
People are increasingly using the web for fact-checking and other forms of information seeking. The "Google effects" refers to the idea that individuals rely on the Internet as a source of knowledge rather than remembering it for themselves. However, few literature review have yet comprehensively examined the media effects of this intensive Internet search behavior. In this study, by carrying out meta-analysis, we found that google effects is closely associated with cognitive load, behavioral phenotype and cognitive self-esteem. And this phenomenon is also more likely to happen while using a mobile phone to browse the Internet rather than a computer. People with a larger knowledge base are less susceptible to the consequences of Internet use than those with a smaller knowledge base. The media effect was stronger for persons who had used the Internet before than for those who had not. And meta-analyses show that participants in North America (parameter = -1.0365, 95%CI = [-1.8758, -0.1972], < 0.05) are more susceptible to frequent Internet search behavior relative to other regions. Overall, google effects on memory challenges the way individuals seek and read information, and it may lead to changes in cognitive and memory mechanisms.
人们越来越多地使用网络进行事实核查和其他形式的信息搜索。“谷歌效应”是指人们依赖互联网作为知识来源，而不是自己记住它。然而，很少有文献综述全面考察这种密集型互联网搜索行为的媒体效果。在这项研究中，我们通过进行元分析发现，谷歌效应与认知负荷、行为表现型和认知自尊密切相关。并且这种现象在使用手机浏览互联网而不是使用计算机时更有可能发生。与知识基础较小的人相比，知识基础较大的人不太容易受到互联网使用后果的影响。对于那些以前使用过互联网的人来说，媒体效果更强，而对于那些没有使用过互联网的人来说，媒体效果则较弱。元分析表明，与其他地区相比，来自北美的参与者（参数=−1.0365，95%置信区间=（-1.8758，-0.1972），<0.05）更容易受到频繁的互联网搜索行为的影响。总的来说，谷歌效应对记忆的挑战影响了个体搜索和阅读信息的方式，它可能导致认知和记忆机制的变化。
