APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland.
School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland.
Viruses. 2019 Apr 20;11(4):366. doi: 10.3390/v11040366.
Bacteriophages (phages) or bacterial viruses have been proposed as natural antimicrobial agents to fight against antibiotic-resistant bacteria associated with human infections. is a gut commensal, which is occasionally found in the mouth and vaginal tract, and does not usually cause clinical problems. However, it can spread to other areas of the body and cause life-threatening infections, such as septicemia, endocarditis, or meningitis, in immunocompromised hosts. Although phage cocktails are not commercially available within the EU or USA, there is an accumulated evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies that have shown phage efficacy, which supports the idea of applying phage therapy to overcome infections associated with . In this review, we discuss the potency of bacteriophages in controlling , in both in vitro and in vivo scenarios. associated bacteriophages were compared at the genome level and an attempt was made to categorize phages with respect to their suitability for therapeutic application, using orthocluster analysis. In addition, phages have been examined for the presence of antibiotic-resistant genes, to ensure their safe use in clinical conditions. Finally, the domain architecture of phage-encoded endolysins are discussed.
噬菌体（phages）或细菌病毒被提议作为天然抗菌剂，以对抗与人类感染相关的抗生素耐药菌。是一种肠道共生菌，偶尔存在于口腔和阴道，通常不会引起临床问题。然而，它可以传播到身体的其他部位，并在免疫功能低下的宿主中引起危及生命的感染，如败血症、心内膜炎或脑膜炎。尽管噬菌体鸡尾酒在欧盟或美国没有商业化，但来自体外和体内研究的累积证据表明噬菌体具有疗效，这支持了应用噬菌体疗法来克服与相关的感染的想法。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了噬菌体在控制和体外和体内场景中的效力。在基因组水平上比较了相关的噬菌体，并尝试使用正交聚类分析根据其治疗应用的适用性对噬菌体进行分类。此外，还检查了 噬菌体中是否存在抗生素耐药基因，以确保其在临床条件下的安全使用。最后，讨论了噬菌体编码的内溶素的结构域架构。
