Ion Channel Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Telangana, 502285, India.
Ion Channel Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Telangana, 502285, India.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2019 Jun 11;513(4):1070-1075. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.074. Epub 2019 Apr 19.
Glyphosate, an herbicide used worldwide, has emerged as a pollutant. However, its toxic effects are debated by regulatory authorities. Therefore, it is essential to keep the use of such chemicals under continuous observation, and their effects must be re-evaluated. We used zebrafish embryos to evaluate the toxic effects of glyphosate and its mechanisms. We found that glyphosate induced significant toxicity in a time and concentration-dependent manner. We observed an LD of 66.04 ± 4.6 μg/mL after 48 h of exposure. Glyphosate significantly reduced the heartbeat in a time and concentration-dependent manner indicating cardiotoxicity. Selective downregulation of Cacana1C (L-type calcium channel) and ryr2a (Ryanodine receptor) genes along with selective upregulation of hspb11 (heat shock protein) gene was observed upon exposure to glyphosate indicating alterations in the calcium signaling. A reduction in the nitric oxide (NO) generation was also observed in the zebrafish embryos upon exposure to glyphosate. Our results indicate that glyphosate induces significant toxicity including cardiotoxicity in zebrafish embryos in a time and concentration-dependent manner. Further, cardiotoxicity may be due to changes in calcium and NO signaling.
草甘膦是一种在全球范围内使用的除草剂，已成为一种污染物。然而，其毒性作用受到监管机构的争议。因此，必须对这些化学品的使用进行持续观察，并对其效果进行重新评估。我们使用斑马鱼胚胎来评估草甘膦的毒性作用及其机制。我们发现草甘膦以时间和浓度依赖的方式诱导显著的毒性。暴露 48 小时后，我们观察到 LD 为 66.04±4.6μg/ml。草甘膦以时间和浓度依赖的方式显著降低心跳频率，表明具有心脏毒性。暴露于草甘膦后，选择性下调 Cacana1C（L 型钙通道）和 ryr2a（Ryanodine 受体）基因，同时选择性上调 hspb11（热休克蛋白）基因，表明钙信号发生改变。暴露于草甘膦后，斑马鱼胚胎中一氧化氮（NO）的生成也减少。我们的结果表明，草甘膦以时间和浓度依赖的方式诱导斑马鱼胚胎产生显著的毒性，包括心脏毒性。此外，心脏毒性可能是由于钙和 NO 信号的变化引起的。
