Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31-98166 S. Agata-, Messina, Italy.
Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Mar;25(9):8542-8549. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-1141-5. Epub 2018 Jan 8.
Glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine) is an active substance of many herbicides. According to literature studies, glyphosate residues and their metabolites have been commonly detected in surface waters and toxicological reports confirmed negative effects on living organisms. In this study, the acute embryo toxicity of glyphosate into two different fish species-common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and zebrafish (Danio rerio)-was investigated. Lethal endpoints, development disorder, and, in addition, other sublethal endpoints such as hatching rate, formation of somites, and development of eyes, spontaneous movement, heartbeat/blood circulation, pigmentation, and edema were recorded to indicate the mode of action of the toxic compound. Hatching retardation (p < 0.05) was observed in experimental groups of common carp exposed to glyphosate with significant statistical difference especially at the highest concentration after 72, 96, and 120 hpf. The significantly highest cumulative mortality at concentration of 50 mg/l was observed. In contrast, hatching stimulation was observed in embryos of zebrafish exposed to the highest concentration of glyphosate. The significantly highest cumulative mortality for zebrafish was observed only at concentration of 50 mg/l. Based on our results, early life stages of common carp are more sensitive in comparison to zebrafish to the toxic action of glyphosate.
草甘膦（N-（膦酸甲基）甘氨酸）是许多除草剂的有效成分。根据文献研究，草甘膦残留及其代谢物在地表水和毒理学报告中经常被检测到，证实了它们对生物的负面影响。在这项研究中，研究了草甘膦对两种不同鱼类-鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）和斑马鱼（Danio rerio）-的急性胚胎毒性。记录致死终点、发育障碍以及其他亚致死终点，如孵化率、体节形成和眼睛发育、自发运动、心跳/血液循环、色素沉着和水肿，以表明有毒化合物的作用模式。暴露于草甘膦的鲤鱼实验组的孵化延迟（p < 0.05）明显不同，尤其是在 72、96 和 120 hpf 时最高浓度下。在 50 mg/l 的浓度下观察到累积死亡率显著最高。相比之下，暴露于草甘膦最高浓度的斑马鱼胚胎观察到孵化刺激。在 50 mg/l 的浓度下仅观察到斑马鱼的累积死亡率显著最高。根据我们的结果，与斑马鱼相比，草甘膦的毒性作用对鲤鱼的早期生命阶段更为敏感。
