Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
National Institute for Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor Street 409, 077125 Magurele, Romania.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Apr 12;20(8):1804. doi: 10.3390/ijms20081804.
Neuropsychiatric disorders are induced by various risk factors, including direct exposure to environmental chemicals. Arsenic exposure induces neurodegeneration and severe psychiatric disorders, but the molecular mechanisms by which brain damage is induced are not yet elucidated. Our aim is to better understand the molecular mechanisms of arsenic toxicity in the brain and to elucidate possible ways to prevent arsenic neurotoxicity, by reviewing significant experimental, bioinformatics, and cheminformatics studies. Brain damage induced by arsenic exposure is discussed taking in account: the correlation between neuropsychiatric disorders and the presence of arsenic and its derivatives in the brain; possible molecular mechanisms by which arsenic induces disturbances of cognitive and behavioral human functions; and arsenic influence during psychiatric treatments. Additionally, we present bioinformatics and cheminformatics tools used for studying brain toxicity of arsenic and its derivatives, new nanoparticles used as arsenic delivery systems into the human body, and experimental ways to prevent arsenic contamination by its removal from water. The main aim of the present paper is to correlate bioinformatics, cheminformatics, and experimental information on the molecular mechanism of cerebral damage induced by exposure to arsenic, and to elucidate more efficient methods used to reduce its toxicity in real groundwater.
神经精神疾病是由多种风险因素引起的，包括直接接触环境化学物质。砷暴露会导致神经退行性变和严重的精神疾病，但导致脑损伤的分子机制尚不清楚。我们的目的是通过回顾重要的实验、生物信息学和化学信息学研究，更好地了解砷在大脑中的毒性的分子机制，并阐明预防砷神经毒性的可能方法。考虑到以下因素，讨论了砷暴露引起的脑损伤：神经精神疾病与大脑中存在的砷及其衍生物之间的相关性；砷引起认知和行为人类功能障碍的可能分子机制；以及砷在精神科治疗中的影响。此外，我们还介绍了用于研究砷及其衍生物的脑毒性的生物信息学和化学信息学工具、用作将砷递送到人体的新纳米粒子，以及从水中去除砷以防止砷污染的实验方法。本文的主要目的是将生物信息学、化学信息学和暴露于砷引起的大脑损伤的分子机制的实验信息相关联，并阐明用于降低实际地下水中毒性的更有效的方法。
