Universidad de Murcia.
Adicciones. 2020 Apr 1;32(2):145-158. doi: 10.20882/adicciones.1195.
There are different profiles of alcohol consumption for men and women, and different courses and prognoses associated with problems caused by alcohol abuse. There is evidence of these differences by sex, but research on their links to differences associated with gender dimensions is scarcer. In order to know what has been researched on the subject, this article reviews the literature regarding the relationship between conformity with gender norms and alcohol use and/or abuse in adults. A systematic review was conducted using the electronic databases of PubMed, PsycINFO and ScienceDirect. Twenty-four articles published in English or Spanish were included and analysed. The main findings were: 1) conformity to norms associated with traditional masculine role (dominance, womanising, aggressiveness, risk behaviours) is related to greater alcohol use; 2) conformity to norms associated with traditional feminine role (interest in home life and family care) is related with lower alcohol use. These findings provide evidence of the relationship between dimensions associated with gender and drinking. It is considered that the possibilities of modifying beliefs and gender patterns linked to risk behaviours is an aspect to be taken into account in the field of prevention, with the development of gender measures a necessary task to further deepen the study of these relationships.
男性和女性的饮酒模式不同，与酗酒相关的问题也有不同的发展过程和预后。这些差异存在性别差异的证据，但关于其与性别维度相关差异的研究较少。为了了解该主题的研究现状，本文回顾了有关成年男性和女性在性别规范认同与酒精使用和/或滥用之间关系的文献。使用 PubMed、PsycINFO 和 ScienceDirect 电子数据库进行了系统评价。共纳入并分析了 24 篇以英语或西班牙语发表的文章。主要发现如下：1）与传统男性角色（支配、拈花惹草、攻击性、冒险行为）相关的规范认同与更大的酒精使用量有关；2）与传统女性角色（对家庭生活和家庭关怀的兴趣）相关的规范认同与较低的酒精使用量有关。这些发现为与性别相关的维度与饮酒之间的关系提供了证据。考虑到改变与风险行为相关的信念和性别模式的可能性是预防领域需要考虑的一个方面，制定性别措施是进一步深化这些关系研究的必要任务。
