Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Surveillance and Reporting, Cancer Control Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Laryngoscope. 2020 Apr;130(4):911-917. doi: 10.1002/lary.28024. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To examine if there has been a reduction in premature mortality due to head and neck cancers and their subtypes in the Canadian population between 1980 and 2010.
Retrospective database review.
Mortality data for head and neck cancers were obtained from the World Health Organization's mortality database. Years of life lost (YLL) was calculated according to Canadian life tables. A new measure, average lifespan shortened (ALSS), was calculated as a ratio of YLL over the expected lifespan.
During the period of interest, decreases in age standardized rates of death adjusted to the World Standard Population were observed mainly among men. The adjusted YLL rates remained unchanged with respect to oral cancers in women, but slightly decreased for oral cancers in men and for laryngeal cancers in both sexes. Our new measure of ALSS showed that in 1980, patients with oral cancers lost an average of 20% of their lifespan, whereas in 2010, men and women still lost approximately 20% and 18%, respectively. Patients with laryngeal cancers lost 18% of their lifespan in both sexes in 1980 and 17% in 2010. The ALSS subanalysis showed that the largest gain of lifespan was observed for cancers of the hypopharynx in men and for cancers of the floor of mouth and nasopharynx in women.
There appears to be modest improvements in premature mortality due to head and neck cancers in Canada over a 30-year period, with the exception of oral cancers in men. Changes in premature mortality varied slightly by cancer subtypes.
NA Laryngoscope, 130:911-917, 2020.
目的/假设：研究 1980 年至 2010 年期间，加拿大人口中因头颈部癌症及其亚型导致的过早死亡率是否有所降低。
回顾性数据库研究。
从世界卫生组织的死亡率数据库中获取头颈部癌症的死亡率数据。根据加拿大生命表计算生命损失年（Years of Life Lost，YLL）。计算了一个新的指标，即平均寿命缩短（Average Lifespan Shortened，ALSS），它是 YLL 与预期寿命的比值。
在所研究的时间段内，经世界标准人口校正后的年龄标准化死亡率在男性中有所下降。女性口腔癌的调整后 YLL 率保持不变，但男性口腔癌和男女喉癌的 YLL 率略有下降。我们的新指标 ALSS 显示，1980 年，口腔癌患者平均丧失了 20%的寿命，而 2010 年，男性和女性分别仍丧失了大约 20%和 18%的寿命。1980 年，男女喉癌患者分别丧失了 18%的寿命，而 2010 年丧失了 17%的寿命。ALSS 亚分析显示，男性下咽癌和女性口底癌及鼻咽癌的寿命延长幅度最大。
在 30 年的时间里，加拿大因头颈部癌症导致的过早死亡率似乎有所改善，除了男性的口腔癌。过早死亡率的变化因癌症亚型而略有不同。
无 喉科学杂志，130:911-917，2020.
