Department of Sociology, Department of African and African American Studies, and Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Nat Hum Behav. 2017 Dec;1(12):866-872. doi: 10.1038/s41562-017-0242-y. Epub 2017 Nov 20.
Three prominent research programmes in cognitive psychology would benefit from a stronger engagement with the cultural context of cognition: studies of poverty focused on scarcity and cognitive bandwidth, studies of dual-process morality and studies of biases using the implicit association test. We address some limitations of these programmes and suggest research strategies for moving beyond an exclusive focus on cognition. Research on poverty using the cognitive bandwidth approach would benefit from considering the cultural schemas that influence how people perceive and prioritize needs. Dual-process morality researchers could explain variation by analysing cultural repertoires that structure moral choices. Research using the implicit association test can better explain implicit attitudes by addressing the variability in cultural schemas that undergird biases. We identify how these research programmes can deepen the causal understanding of human attitudes and behaviours by addressing the interaction between internal cognition and supra-individual cultural repertoires.
关注贫困的研究集中在稀缺性和认知带宽上，研究双重过程道德的研究以及使用内隐联想测验研究偏见的研究。我们讨论了这些项目的一些局限性，并提出了超越单纯关注认知的研究策略。使用认知带宽方法研究贫困问题，可以从考虑影响人们感知和优先考虑需求的文化模式入手。通过分析构建道德选择的文化剧目，双过程道德研究人员可以解释变化。通过解决支撑偏见的文化模式的可变性，使用内隐联想测验的研究可以更好地解释内隐态度。我们确定了这些研究项目如何通过解决内部认知与超个体文化剧目之间的相互作用，加深对人类态度和行为的因果理解。
